Work Experiences and Self-Esteem Development: A Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies

Krauss, Samantha; Orth, Ulrich

doi:10.1177/08902070211027142

Cited by 39 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 117 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Finally, it is important to consider the possibility of reverse causation. Although longitudinal evidence suggests that some life outcomes lead to changes in self-esteem (e.g., experiences in the relationship and work domains, Harris & Orth, 2020; Krauss & Orth, 2021), such findings do not contradict the hypothesis that self-esteem influences the same outcomes. In other words, self-esteem and life outcomes may have reciprocal causal effects.…”

Section: Important Issues In Research On the Benefits Of Self-esteemmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…A recent meta-analytic project synthesized the evidence from longitudinal studies of self-esteem and work outcomes (Krauss & Orth, 2021; see Table 1). In the meta-analysis, all effects controlled for prior levels of the outcomes.…”

Section: Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several theoretical perspectives suggest that self-esteem influences success in the work domain (for a review, see Krauss & Orth, 2021). Similar to academic achievement, processes such as self-affirmation and self-verification might account for self-esteem effects on work experiences (Steele, 1988; Swann, 2012).…”

Section: Review Of Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…b Data fromValentine et al (2004). c Data fromKrauss and Orth (2021). d Data fromSowislo and Orth (2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Is high self-esteem beneficial? Revisiting a classic question.

Orth¹,

Robins²

2022

American Psychologist

Self Cite

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Debates about the benefits of self-esteem have persisted for decades, both in the scientific literature and in the popular press. Although many researchers and lay people have argued that high self-esteem helps individuals adapt to and succeed in a variety of life domains, there is widespread skepticism about this claim. The present article takes a new look at the voluminous body of research (including several meta-analyses) examining the consequences of self-esteem for several important life domains: relationships, school, work, mental health, physical health, and antisocial behavior. Overall, the findings suggest that self-esteem is beneficial in all these domains, and that these benefits hold across age, gender, and race/ethnicity, and controlling for prior levels of the predicted outcomes and potential third variable confounds. The meta-analytic estimates of self-esteem effects (which average .10 across domains) are comparable in size to estimates for other hypothesized causal factors such as self-efficacy, positive emotionality, attachment security, and growth mindset, and larger than some generally accepted pharmaceutical interventions. Discussion focuses on several issues that are critical for evaluating the findings, including the strength of the evidence for making causal inferences, the magnitude of the effects, the importance of distinguishing between self-esteem and narcissism, and the generalizability of the results. In summary, the present findings support theoretical conceptions of self-esteem as an adaptive trait that has wide-ranging influences on healthy adjustment and adaptation, and suggest that interventions aimed at boosting self-esteem might, if properly designed and implemented, benefit individuals and society as a whole.

show abstract

Section: Important Issues In Research On the Benefits Of Self-esteemmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Review Of Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…b Data fromValentine et al (2004). c Data fromKrauss and Orth (2021). d Data fromSowislo and Orth (2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Is high self-esteem beneficial? Revisiting a classic question.

Orth¹,

Robins²

2022

American Psychologist

Self Cite

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The oversampling of some characteristics may not be representative of the Chinese SEI tutors population. For example, the years of workplace experiences of SEI tutors have a positive influence on their job success and employment status [ 82 ] and, hence, improve their well-being and reduce depression. Future research should focus on the SEI tutors who stay in this industry for more than 5 years and include SEI tutors who are no longer in their job but did not yet find another job.…”

Section: Conclusion Implications and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Perceived Social Support and Stress in the Relationship between Hope and Depression among Chinese Shadow Education Tutors: A Serial Mediation Model

Zhang

et al. 2022

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The association between hope and depression has been studied, leaving the underlying mechanism of how hope might predict depression unexplored. With a cross-sectional design, this study investigated two possible mediating factors in the relationship between hope and depression among Chinese shadow education tutors, who confront a high turnover rate and are at high risk for depression. Altogether, 221 tutors participated in the survey, and reported their dispositional hope, perceived social support (PSS), perceived stress (PS), and depression. Results indicated that both PSS and PS mediated the relationship between hope and depression. Results also supported the hypothesized serial mediating effect. In other words, hope as a positive disposition may promote PSS, which can mitigate PS. The reduced PS, in turn, alleviates depression. This finding not only shed light on the independent and accumulative mediating effects of PSS and PS, but also has implications for preventive interventions among Chinese shadow education tutors experiencing the enormous pressure of instability. This serial mediation model should be confirmed by further longitudinal study.

show abstract