Work environment and prostate cancer risk

Abstract

ABSTRACT:A cas e-referent study of 345 prostate cancer cases and 1,346 referents was carried out in the Netherlands to investigate the relationship between work environment and prostate cancer risk. Cases were selected from the Cancer Registry of the Comprehen sive Cancer Centre IKO. Referents (men diagnosed with benign prostate hyperplasia) were recruited with assistance of the pathology laboratories in the IKO region. Questionnaires were mailed to all subjects to obtain information on their work history and occupational exposure. Moreover, workers in farming (n = 323), and in metal work and maintenance (n = 340), were requested to complete short supplements to the questionnaire inquiring in more detail into specific types of exposure. Significantly elevated risks were found for work in food m anufacturing and for bookkeepers. Significantly elevated odds ratios (OR) were also observed for jobs held between 1960 and 1970 in administration, in storage, or as farm laborer. In addition, a statistically significant excess risk was found for subjects who re ported frequent occupational exposure to cadmium. Cases who worked in farming applied pesticides during significant more days per year than the referents did. A nonsignificantly elevated OR was found for maintenance of tractors and agricultural machinery. Among metal workers, mechanics, and repairmen, nonsignificantly increased ORs were observed with regard to the use of acids, solvents, iron, and steel, and for welding and maintenance of machinery.

Prostate cancer risk from occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons interacting with the GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism

“…A large casecontrol study found that most of the jobs associated with prostate cancer had the potential for occupational PAH exposure [12]. In three separate studies that examined specific occupational exposures, two found modest associations between selected PAH sources and prostate cancer [14,15], while the third found no link between PAH-related exposures and prostate cancer [42]. It is important to note that the two studies that found some associations between PAH exposures and prostate cancer used the expert review method utilized in the present study, whereas the negative study only used self-reported data.…”

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-DNA Adducts in Prostate Cancer

“…Both case-control (12) and cohort (13) studies have found that most jobs associated with prostate cancer have the potential for occupational PAH exposure. In three separate studies that examined specific occupational exposures, two found modest associations with selected PAH sources (14,15), whereas the third found no association with PAH-related exposures (16). PAH exposures that occur years before disease onset may have a greater impact on prostate carcinogenesis.…”

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-DNA adduct formation in prostate carcinogenesis

“…The high temperature associated with mold and core making and casting processes often results in the emission of several pyrolysisinduced PAH, including benzo[a]-pyrene. In three separate studies that examined specific occupational exposures, two found modest associations with selected PAH sources [15,16], while the third found no association with PAH-related exposures [17]. Three case-control studies have found an elevated prostate cancer risk for exposure to diesel fumes [16,18,19].…”