Work Domain Analysis of a Pasteurization Plant: Using Abstraction Hierarchies to Analyze Sensor Needs

Reising, Dal Vernon C.; Sanderson, Penelope

doi:10.1177/154193129604000432

Cited by 22 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…In the absence of pre-existing conventions we therefore developed a notation for AHs that we describe as ''sensor-annotated AHs'' [see Reising & Sanderson (1996) for the earliest version].…”

Section: Sensor-annotated Abstraction Hierarchiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The examples explore how the human operator will detect failures and distinguish system and sensor failures. For ease of exposition, we distinguish two forms of inadequacy that emerge when sensors are sparse (Reising & Sanderson, 1996) * Topographic inadequacy: having impoverished sensor information within a level of abstraction. Specifically, the value of a variable measured by a sensor at a specific location is taken to stand for the same variable at other locations.…”

Section: Impact Of Sensor Failures Given Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The work described herein is part of a larger program of work examining the impact of real-world instrumentation behavior on the effectiveness of ecological interfaces (Reising, 1999;Reising & Sanderson, 1996, 2000a, b, 2002a. In this paper and 1071-5819/02/$ -see front matter # 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Work domain analysis and sensors II: Pasteurizer II case study

Reising

Sanderson²

2002

International Journal of Human-Computer Studies

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In this paper we use sensor-annotated abstraction hierarchies (Reising & Sanderson, 1996, 2002a to show that unless appropriately instrumented, configural displays designed according to the principles of ecological interface design (EID) might be vulnerable to misinterpretation when sensors become unreliable or are unavailable. Building on foundations established in Reising and Sanderson (2002a) we use a pasteurization process control example to show how sensor-annotated AHs help the analyst determine the impact of different instrumentation engineering policies on a configural display that is part of an ecological interface. Our analyses suggest that configural displays showing higher-order properties of a system are especially vulnerable under some conservative instrumentation configurations. However, sensor-annotated AHs can be used to indicate where corrective instrumentation might be placed. We argue that if EID is to be effectively employed in the design of displays for complex systems, then the information needs of the human operator need to be considered while instrumentation requirements are being formulated. Rasmussen's abstraction hierarchy}and particularly its extension to the analysis of information captured by sensors and derived from sensors}may therefore be a useful adjunct to up-stream instrumentation design. #

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Section: Sensor-annotated Abstraction Hierarchiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Impact Of Sensor Failures Given Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Work domain analysis and sensors II: Pasteurizer II case study

Reising

Sanderson²

2002

International Journal of Human-Computer Studies

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“…On the other hand, there is a considerable art, rather than science, in designing such integrated displays (Reising and Sanderson, 1996), so that before implementing a particular realization of these ideas evaluation is needed, especially of failure modes.…”

Section: Problems and Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of advanced direct perception displays for nuclear power plants to enhance monitoring, control and fault management

Jones¹,

Shaheen²,

Moray³

1997

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SUMMARYTraditional Single-Sensor-Single Indicator (SSSI) displays are poorly matched to the cognitive abilities of operators, especially for large and complex systems. It is difficult for operators to monitor very large arrays of displays and controls, and to integrate the information displayed therein. In addition, standard operating procedures (SOPs) are bulky (running to many hundreds of pages) and difficult to use, and operators may become lost. For these reasons, and also because it is becoming increasingly difficult to find replacements for aging hardware components, there is a trend towards computerized graphical interfaces for nuclear power plants (NPPs). There is, however, little rational theory for display design in this domain.This report describes some recent theoretical developments and shows how to develop displays which will greatly reduce the cognitive load on the operator and allow the use of perceptual rather than cognitive mechanisms while using SOPs and to support state diagnosis and fault management. The report outlines the conceptual framework within which such a new approach could be developed, and provides an example of how the operating procedures for the start-up sequence of a NPP could be realized. A detailed description of a set of displays for a graphical interface for the SOPs of the feedwater system is provided as an example of how the proposed approach could be realized, and a general account of how it would fit into the overall start-up sequence is given.Examples of "direct perception" or "ecological" configural state space displays to support the use of the proposed direct manipulation SOP interface are provided, and also a critical discussion which identifies some difficulties which may be anticipated should the general approach herein advocated be adopted.Full details of the development of the displays, their graphical content, underlying theory, and notes on evaluation are provided in Appendices to the main report. "Information about plant state is always constrained by the design of the human-machine interface, and the quality of such information in turn constrains the ways in which operators can think about problems. For example, some displays may require a painstaking synthesis of data derived from several or many separate gauges and displays, while others provide a direct perception of quite subtle plant states (Rasmussen and Vicente, 1989).Recent work in cognitive psychology suggests that displays of the latter kind should better support decision and diagnosis of plant state by the operator.The traditional control room display is a Single-Sensor-Single-Indicator display. There are almost as many independent displays as there are points at which system variables are measured, and operators must rely on their ability to perform complex cognitive operations to relate information from different sources to each other and thus to build up an understanding of the overall state of the system. This is particularly difficult when the system is in an abnormal state or...

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Making instructions “visible” on the interface: an approach to learning fault diagnosis skills through guided discovery

Kontogiannis

Linou

2001

International Journal of Human-Computer Studies

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Work Domain Analysis of a Pasteurization Plant: Using Abstraction Hierarchies to Analyze Sensor Needs

Cited by 22 publications

References 6 publications

Work domain analysis and sensors II: Pasteurizer II case study

Work domain analysis and sensors II: Pasteurizer II case study

Development of advanced direct perception displays for nuclear power plants to enhance monitoring, control and fault management

Making instructions “visible” on the interface: an approach to learning fault diagnosis skills through guided discovery

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