Words high and low in pleasantness as rated by male and female college students

Bellezza, Francis S.; Greenwald, Anthony G.; Banaji, Mahzarin R.

doi:10.3758/bf03204403

Cited by 150 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…All pictures were 104 pixels wide, 132 pixels tall, and in 256-color grayscale format. Evaluative attributes included 16 words, 8 pleasant and 8 unpleasant (e.g., gentle, happy, disaster, and grief), selected from Bellezza, Greenwald, and Banaji (1986).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic Preference for White Americans: Eliminating the Familiarity Explanation

Dasgupta

McGhee

Greenwald

et al. 2000

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology

307

271

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Using the Implicit Association Test (IAT), recent experiments have demonstrated a strong and automatic positive evaluation of White Americans and a relatively negative evaluation of African Americans. Interpretations of this finding as revealing pro-White attitudes rest critically on tests of alternative interpretations, the most obvious one being perceivers' greater familiarity with stimuli representing White Americans. The reported experiment demonstrated that positive attributes were more strongly associated with White than Black Americans even when (a) pictures of equally unfamiliar Black and White individuals were used as stimuli and (b) differences in stimulus familiarity were statistically controlled. This experiment indicates that automatic race associations captured by the IAT are not compromised by stimulus familiarity, which in turn strengthens the conclusion that the IAT measures automatic evaluative associations.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic Preference for White Americans: Eliminating the Familiarity Explanation

Dasgupta

McGhee

Greenwald

et al. 2000

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology

307

271

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Pleasant and unpleasant terms were selected from norms provided by Bellezza, Greenwald, and Banaji (1986) and synonyms of those terms. Fruit and bugs names were selected from category lists provided by Battig and Montague (1969) and supplemented by the experimenters to represent easily recognizable instances of each category.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Go/No-Go Association Task

Nosek¹,

Banaji²

2001

PsycTESTS Dataset

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125

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Theory is constrained by the quality and versatility of measurement tools. As such, the development of techniques for measurement is critical to the successful development of theory. This paper presents a technique -the Go/No-go Association Task (GNAT) -that joins a family of existing techniques for measuring implicit social cognition generally, with a focus on attitude (evaluation). To expand the measurement potential supplied by its closest cousin, the Implicit Association Test (IAT), the GNAT can be used to examine automatic social cognition toward a single target category. That is, the GNAT obtains a measure of implicit social cognition without requiring the direct involvement of complementary or contrasting objects. Also, by implementing a response deadline in the procedure, this version of the GNAT trades off response latency for sensitivity as the dependent variable measure. We illustrate the technique through a series of experiments (1-5) using simple attitude objects (bugs and fruit). In Experiment 6, the GNAT is used to investigateattitudes toward race (black and white) and gender (male and female). To explore the theoretical leverage offered by this tool, Experiment 6 puts to test a recurring question concerning automatic in-group favoritism versus out-group derogation. Results demonstrate the dual presence of both out-group derogation (e.g., negativity toward black Americans) and in-group favoritism (positivity toward white Americans), a finding that emerges because the GNAT offers the potential for separable measures of attitude toward the two groups. Through these experiments, the GNAT is shown to be an effective tool for assessing automatic preferences as well as resolving persistent questions that require measures of individual attitude objects while maintaining the advantages of response competition tasks. 625

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“…On the basis of previous research on gender differences in affective processing (Bellezza, Greenwald, & Banaji, 1986;Bradley, Codispoti, Sabatinelli, & Lang, 2001;Sabatinelli, Flaisch, Bradley, Fitzsimmons, & Lang, 2004;Wrase et al, 2003), and involving the IAPS in particular (Lang et al, 2008), we expected that participant gender might modulate the valence and arousal ratings. Therefore, we calculated .96], t(898) = 92.62, p < .001.…”

Section: Gender Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introducing the Open Affective Standardized Image Set (OASIS)

2016

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We introduce the Open Affective Standardized Image Set (OASIS), an open-access online stimulus set containing 900 color images depicting a broad spectrum of themes, including humans, animals, objects, and scenes, along with normative ratings on two affective dimensions-valence (i.e., the degree of positive or negative affective response that the image evokes) and arousal (i.e., the intensity of the affective response that the image evokes). The OASIS images were collected from online sources, and valence and arousal ratings were obtained in an online study (total N = 822). The valence and arousal ratings covered much of the circumplex space and were highly reliable and consistent across gender groups. OASIS has four advantages: (a) the stimulus set contains a large number of images in four categories; (b) the data were collected in 2015, and thus OASIS features more current images and reflects more current ratings of valence and arousal than do existing stimulus sets; (c) the OASIS database affords users the ability to interactively explore images by category and ratings; and, most critically, (d) OASIS allows for free use of the images in online and offline research studies, as they are not subject to the copyright restrictions that apply to the International Affective Picture System. The OASIS images, along with normative valence and arousal ratings, are available for download from www.benedekkurdi.com/#oasis or https://db.tt/yYTZYCga.

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Words high and low in pleasantness as rated by male and female college students

Cited by 150 publications

References 15 publications

Automatic Preference for White Americans: Eliminating the Familiarity Explanation

Automatic Preference for White Americans: Eliminating the Familiarity Explanation

Go/No-Go Association Task

Introducing the Open Affective Standardized Image Set (OASIS)

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