Word-level prosodic measures and the differential diagnosis of apraxia of speech

Haley, Katarina L.; Jacks, Adam

doi:10.1080/02699206.2018.1550813

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…2016, Basilakos et al . 2017, Haley and Jacks 2019), but words with strong–weak stress dominated the word sets selected for this study, consistent with most nouns in English having strong–weak stress (Chomsky and Halle 1968). As such, there was limited or no practice in controlling lexical stress contrast.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…The lack of change in lexical stress errors for the AOS group, with errors present on only approximately one of five items, is unsurprising. High error rates have been noted for words with weak-strong stress (e.g., banana; Vergis et al 2014, Ballard et al 2016, Basilakos et al 2017, Haley and Jacks 2019, but words with strong-weak stress dominated the word sets selected for this study, consistent with most nouns in English having strong-weak stress (Chomsky and Halle 1968). As such, there was limited or no practice in controlling lexical stress contrast.…”

Section: Effects Of Sfa On Treated Wordssupporting

confidence: 59%

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Outcomes of semantic feature analysis treatment for aphasia with and without apraxia of speech

Scholl

McCabe

Nickels³

et al. 2021

Intl J Lang & Comm Disor

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Background:To date, studies have not explored whether a dual diagnosis of aphasia plus apraxia of speech (AOS) versus aphasia alone (APH) affects the response to language-based naming treatments. Aims: To compare the effects of semantic feature analysis (SFA) treatment for individuals with APH versus aphasia plus AOS, and to test if the presence of AOS impacted the effects of treatment. Methods and Procedures: A non-randomized experimental group study was conducted to explore the treatment, generalization and maintenance effects between the AOS and APH groups. Participants included nine individuals with aphasia and 11 with concomitant aphasia and AOS. Dependent measures included lexical accuracy, number of sound-level distortions, and lexical stress and syllable segmentation errors. Outcomes and Results: Both groups showed significantly improved naming accuracy of trained items for up to 2 months post-treatment. Improvement on naming accuracy of untrained items post-treatment, both semantically related and unrelated to trained items, was lower in magnitude. That this may have been due to effects of repeated probing (which included target repetition) or regression to the mean cannot be excluded. There was a tendency for the AOS group to respond slightly better to treatment than the APH group overall, which was not correlated with aphasia severity. Also, measures of phonetic accuracy and fluency improved for both groups, with no main effect of group. Treatment effects did not generalize to formal measures of (untrained) picture naming or expression of correct information units in discourse in a story retelling task. Conclusions and Implications: Findings indicate that individuals with aphasia plus AOS can gain equivalent benefits in word retrieval and production from the language-based SFA treatment as individuals with aphasia alone. This may be, in part, due to the tendency for SFA to incorporate principles of practice that are known to support motor learning in AOS, such as high intensity, random stimulus presentation and variable practice. Findings provide further support for high-intensity practice and use of self-generated features to facilitate maintenance of effects.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Effects Of Sfa On Treated Wordssupporting

confidence: 59%

Outcomes of semantic feature analysis treatment for aphasia with and without apraxia of speech

Scholl

McCabe

Nickels³

et al. 2021

Intl J Lang & Comm Disor

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…AOS results in reduced coarticulation of adjacent sounds, a slowing down of syllable transitions, and non-canonical syllable segmentation [ 26 ]. Further, irregular prosody and rhythm have been reported as characteristics of speech in patients with AOS [ 34 ], affecting lexical (e.g., stress) and post-lexical prominence patterns and tonalities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of tDCS on Sound Duration in Patients with Apraxia of Speech in Primary Progressive Aphasia

Themistocleous¹,

Webster

Tsapkini³

2021

Brain Sciences

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Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) was found to improve oral and written naming in post-stroke and primary progressive aphasia (PPA), speech fluency in stuttering, a developmental speech-motor disorder, and apraxia of speech (AOS) symptoms in post-stroke aphasia. This paper addressed the question of whether tDCS over the left IFG coupled with speech therapy may improve sound duration in patients with apraxia of speech (AOS) symptoms in non-fluent PPA (nfvPPA/AOS) more than sham. Eight patients with non-fluent PPA/AOS received either active or sham tDCS, along with speech therapy for 15 sessions. Speech therapy involved repeating words of increasing syllable-length. Evaluations took place before, immediately after, and two months post-intervention. Words were segmented into vowels and consonants and the duration of each vowel and consonant was measured. Segmental duration was significantly shorter after tDCS compared to sham and tDCS gains generalized to untrained words. The effects of tDCS sustained over two months post-treatment in trained and untrained sounds. Taken together, these results demonstrate that tDCS over the left IFG may facilitate speech production by reducing segmental duration. The results provide preliminary evidence that tDCS may maximize efficacy of speech therapy in patients with nfvPPA/AOS.

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“…Thus, it may be said to show a ‘bottom‐up’ relationship between the two levels. Similarly, average syllable duration, which has been used to differentiate the slowness of apraxic speech from the speech of those with aphasia without AOS (Haley and Jacks ), could also be said to show a ‘bottom‐up’ relationship between segmental and suprasegmental characteristics. These segmentally defined findings take a linear approach to modelling spoken words, as described by Ziegler (), yet still hold promise for finding objective markers for AOS diagnosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability and stability of the metrical stress effect on segmental production accuracy in persons with apraxia of speech

Bailey

Bunker

Mauszycki

et al. 2019

Intl J Lang & Comm Disor

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Background: Acquired apraxia of speech (AOS) involves speech-production deficits on both the segmental and suprasegmental levels. Recent research has identified a non-linear interaction between the metrical structure of bisyllabic words and word-production accuracy in German speakers with AOS, with trochaic words (strong-weak stress) being resistant to errors compared with iambic words (weak-strong). Aims: To replicate previous findings in English speakers with AOS, to measure the test-retest reliability of the effect, and to examine the potential impact of different methods of word scoring. Methods & Procedures: Speech samples were collected from 27 speakers with AOS and aphasia. Participants were at least 12 months post-stroke or penetrating brain injury, and represented a large range of AOS and aphasia severities. Productions were elicited via verbal model. Sampling was conducted on three separate occasions: the initial data-collection session and then repeated samplings at 1-and 4-week intervals. Bisyllabic words with a CVCVC segmental structure were selected. The list was divided into sublists representing differing lexical stress patterns: A list of 42 trochees, and one of 37 iambs. All speech samples were phonetically transcribed and then aligned with canonical transcriptions via an edit distance algorithm that followed transcription alignment principles. Phonetic-level errors (distortions) were penalized less severely than phonemic-level errors. Per cent consonants correct and whole-word accuracy were also examined. Trochee and iamb lists were analysed separately. Outcomes & Results: Paired samples t-tests indicated that the modified edit distance was significantly lower for the trochee lists than for the iamb lists. There was a lack of a significant effect of time on the absolute difference between modified edit distance for both lists. Intraclass coefficients suggested the list and procedures used are appropriate as an outcome measure for group research. Conclusions & Implications:The results suggest that in English, as in German, the trochaic structure is more resistant to segmental errors in persons with AOS and aphasia, providing replication of the findings of Aichert et al. in 2016. Further, this effect is stable over repeated sampling occasions. Implications for clinical management of AOS include possible ways to scaffold item difficulty and potentially improve stimulus generalization. What this paper addsWhat is already known on the subject Research has previously shown a metrical stress effect on segmental production accuracy in German speakers with AOS. Such non-linear influences on segmental production accuracy provide insight into the speech-production process.What this paper adds to existing knowledge This paper shows a metrical stress effect in bisyllabic word repetition of English speakers with AOS, replicating previous work done with German speakers with AOS. Further, it provides measurements of the test-retest reliability of the measurement tool and the stability of the behaviour across r...

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Word-level prosodic measures and the differential diagnosis of apraxia of speech

Cited by 23 publications

References 48 publications

Outcomes of semantic feature analysis treatment for aphasia with and without apraxia of speech

Outcomes of semantic feature analysis treatment for aphasia with and without apraxia of speech

Effects of tDCS on Sound Duration in Patients with Apraxia of Speech in Primary Progressive Aphasia

Reliability and stability of the metrical stress effect on segmental production accuracy in persons with apraxia of speech

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