Wood Waste Turned Into Value Added Products: Thermal Plasticization by Benzylation Process

Üner, Birol; Köse, Gökhan; Yürümez, Yeşim; Yalçın, Ömer Ümit; Akgül, Mehmet

doi:10.5552/drind.2016.1534

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…During the heat treatment, a significantly small load was applied to ensure appropriate contact between the benzylated sur- Next, the surface of the benzylated wood was heat treated for further improving its hydrophobicity. Highly benzylated wood is known to exhibits thermoplasticity [13,15,19]. It has also been reported that, on benzylating lignocellulose fiber and then heat treating it, the benzylated fiber melted and became flat [20].…”

Section: Hydrophobicity Of Benzylated Woodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Hydrophobization of Block-Shaped Wood with Rapid Benzylation

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With the aim of utilizing wood as a carbon cycle-oriented material, the improvement of hydrophobicity has been actively studied to solve manufacturing problems, such as dimensional stability and biodeterioration resistance. The introduction of benzyl group is a promising chemical modification for hydrophobizing wood. However, conventional benzylation methods are not suitable for industrial applications because they require high temperature and long reaction times. In this study, a novel method was developed for quickly benzylating the surface of block-shaped wood using an aqueous solution of tetra-n-butylphosphonium hydroxide as a pretreatment solvent and no heat. The color and shape of the benzylated wood was almost unchanged from that before the treatment. Analysis of the resulting chemical structure suggested that the developed method causes less damage to carbohydrates compared with the conventional method, which involves heating and stirring. The proposed method successfully imparted hydrophobicity and thermoplasticity to the benzylated wood surface. Furthermore, hydrophobicity of the benzylated wood was further improved by a simple heat treatment for only approximately 5 min. The water contact angle became ≥110° and remained almost unchanged even after 1 min after water dropping.

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Section: Hydrophobicity Of Benzylated Woodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Hydrophobization of Block-Shaped Wood with Rapid Benzylation

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Seki

Miki

et al. 2021

Forests

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“…However, guanidine was less effective than the three alkaline reagents tested. Furthermore, they reported that a higher concentration of the alkaline reagent in the range of 15–35% is preferable [ 16 ]. Although benzylation is a promising method for imparting thermoplasticity to lignocellulose, including wood, it requires prolonged heating and stirring, as described above; therefore, the benzylation method is not practically applicable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Benzylation of Wood Powder without Heating

et al. 2021

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Converting wood waste into thermoplastic materials is an attractive means of increasing its utilization. A promising method for imparting thermoplasticity to wood is chemical modification, in which the hydroxyl groups in wood are substituted with benzyl groups. In the common method, wood powder is first treated with a highly concentrated aqueous NaOH solution, and then reacted with a benzylation reagent by heating for a long time under stirring. In this study, a 50% aqueous tetra-n-butylphosphonium hydroxide solution was used for the pretreatment of wood powder. This modified alkaline treatment enhanced the efficiency of the subsequent benzylation reaction, which could be conducted without heating over a shorter time. The effects of various conditions on the efficiency of the benzylation reaction were evaluated. Both the alkali pretreatment and the subsequent benzylation required only ~5–10 min of stirring without heating to obtain benzylated wood with a similar degree of benzylation as that achieved by the common method. The chemical structure of the benzylated wood powder was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared and solid-state NMR spectroscopies, and its thermal softening characteristics were evaluated by thermomechanical analysis. Finally, a translucent film could be obtained by hot-pressing the benzylated wood powder.

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