Wood Dust

Abstract

Wood dust is any particle arising from processing or handling wood. Woods are classified into two broad botanical classifications; hardwood is the common name given to the botanical classification Angiosperms , and softwood is the common name given to the botanical classification Gymnosperms . Gymnosperms have exposed seeds whereas angiosperms have encapsulated seeds. Although there are more than 12,000 species of trees recorded, most species are deciduous trees or hardwoods, and only about 800 species are coniferous trees or softwoods. This article discusses production and uses of wood. Wood use depends on availability. Biologically active organic compounds in wood are described. Wood dust is not a component of the ambient environment in the vicinity of woodworking operations. Toxicity information is given for populations exposed to wood dust (mill workers, furniture makers, etc.). Diseases studied include, nonmalignant lung disease, lung cancer, digestive cancer, and Hodgkin's disease. Wood exposure limits for hardwoods and softwoods are listed.

The Characterization of Airborne Occupational Safety and Health Hazards in Selected Small Businesses; Manufacturing Wood Pallets

“…Hardwood dust is considered to be more toxic than softwood (i.e. pine) and more stringent exposure limits apply 14) . The results of 8) potential occupational carcinogen 9) both as 8-h TWAs 10) CO 50 ppm as an 8-h TWA 11) 35 ppm as an 8-h TWA with a 25 ppm as an 8-h TWA ceiling limit of 200 ppm 12) Immediately dangerous to life and Health (IDLH)-1200 ppm 13) * * The IDLH is the concentration that could result in death or irreversible health effects, or prevent escape from the contaminated environment within 30 min.…”

“…ACGIH considers hardwood wood dust to be a "confirmed" carcinogen 10) . It is strongly linked to nasal cancer and has been suggested as a link in cancer of the oropharynx, lung, lymphatic system, stomach, and colon 14) . Wood dust may be deposited in the nose and the lower airways.…”

“…Contact with the irritant compounds in wood sap can cause dermatitis and other allergic reactions. Respiratory effects of wood dust exposure include asthma, eye irritation, nasal dryness and obstruction, prolonged colds, and frequent headaches 14) . Fine sawdust also makes an excellent medium for mold growth 19) .…”