Wood and roots of major grapevine cultivars and rootstocks: A comparative analysis of stilbenes by UHPLC‐DAD‐MS/MS and NMR

Abstract

Introduction Grapevine wood and roots are by‐products obtained during vineyard management. This plentiful biomass is known to be rich in stilbenes and can be used as a source of high‐value compounds as well as active natural extracts. However, the stilbenes in grapevine wood and roots from different cultivars and rootstocks remain to be characterized. Objective The present study investigated the stilbene content of eight major Vitis vinifera cultivars and six different rootstocks. In addition, the distribution of stilbenes was established for each of seven parts into which the plants were sub‐divided. Methodology For stilbene characterization and quantification purposes, an ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography‐diode array detector‐mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐DAD‐MS/MS) analysis of different samples was carried out. Moreover, structural data of stilbenes was unambiguously studied by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. Results Whatever the cultivar/rootstock combination, stilbenes were found to be oligomerized from the aerial part to the root system. Furthermore, stilbene content varied widely depending on the cultivars and rootstocks. For instance, the cultivars Merlot, Tannat and Gamay noir were the richest in stilbenes while the rootstocks Gravesac, Fercal and 3390C contained the highest amounts. Conclusion These findings provide insight into the knowledge that major grapevine cultivars and rootstocks can be used as a potential source of complex stilbenes.

Bioactive compounds and total antioxidant capacity of cane residues from different grape varieties

“…The major stilbenoid compound was ϵ ‐viniferin with the highest level in sample SB1 (10 552 μg g −1 DW), representing approximately 60% of the total assessed PC. Other studies have reported lower values with respect to our data for ϵ ‐viniferin, ranging from 2600 to 3300 μg g −1 DW in Sauvignon Blanc canes, 2200 μg g −1 DW in Cabernet Sauvignon, 1900 μg g −1 DW in Merlot, 1300 μg g −1 DW in Chardonnay, 2600 μg g −1 DW in Malbec and 3700 μg g −1 DW in Pinot Noir . Zwingelstein et al .…”

“…Pinot Noir, which is in agreement with our data for samples of the same variety (PN, 5637 μg g −1 DW). Gabaston et al . reported 4700 μg g −1 DW in Merlot, 3400 μg g −1 DW in Chardonnay and 4000 μg g −1 DW in Sauvignon Blanc, whereas, in the present study, we found 4629 μg g −1 DW in Merlot, 4110 μg g −1 DW in Chardonnay and between 7585 and 10 634 μg g −1 DW in Sauvignon Blanc.…”

“…reported 4700 μg g −1 DW in Merlot, 3400 μg g −1 DW in Chardonnay and 4000 μg g −1 DW in Sauvignon Blanc, whereas, in the present study, we found 4629 μg g −1 DW in Merlot, 4110 μg g −1 DW in Chardonnay and between 7585 and 10 634 μg g −1 DW in Sauvignon Blanc. Some studies reported higher values, ranging from 6500 to 8500 μg g −1 DW in Cabernet Sauvignon, although Piñeiro et al . reported lower concentrations in Malbec (4700 μg g −1 DW) compared with the data reported in the present study.…”

“…The level of stilbenes and the composition of this by‐product depends on plant characteristics (genus, variety, age, etc. ), as well as growth environmental conditions and processing conditions after pruning . In turn, different stilbene profiles (qualitative and quantitative) can result as a result of chemical changes before (biosynthesis), during (mechanical wounding) or after (storage time and conditions) pruning of the grape plants .…”

A dimeric stilbene extract produced by oxidative coupling of resveratrol active against <em>Plasmopara viticola</em> and <em>Botrytis cinerea</em> for vine treatments

“…Among stilbenes, oligomers of resveratrol, such as viniferins, are promising antimicrobial compounds (Gabaston et al, 2017). Even if these compounds are present grapevine byproducts (Gabaston et al, 2019), oligomeric stilbenes sourcing could be problematic in case of large-scale use such as crop treatment.…”