Wood Anatomy and Plant Hydraulics in a Changing Climate

Anderegg, William R. L.; Meinzer, Frederick C.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-15783-2_9

Cited by 42 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 107 publications

(130 reference statements)

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“…In line with this research, we have generated an increasingly detailed knowledge of the hydraulic nexus between xylem and phloem, particularly the possible role of photosynthates in hydraulic functioning [5-7, 8••, 9]. In addition, we have progress in deciphering the role of stored water in stems [10], branches [11], and leaves [12] in keeping trees alive. Technological advances allow us to study in-situ fluid transport dynamics in trees-and also its collapse-at a previously unattainable level of detail [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydraulic Anatomy and Function of Trees—Basics and Critical Developments

Pfautsch

2016

Curr Forestry Rep

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The study of hydraulic anatomy and function of trees has a long tradition. Motivated by current and projected changes in water availability, the field of tree hydraulics is experiencing a bout of activity. Significant progress has been made in understanding how water transport in trees is organized, how it integrates with other physiological processes, and what it takes for it to malfunction. Many of these advances have been possible, as fields of research that have traditionally been separate are merging, for example, wood anatomy and plant ecophysiology. These developments have led to the creation of powerful and novel approaches that help to answer longstanding questions relating to fundamental aspects of fluid transport in plants and how plants survive in the face of environmental stresses such as drought and freezing. The increased capacities to visualize the ultrastructures of wood in ever-greater detail and the ability for in-situ visualization of long-distance fluid transport have contributed to this progress. This review provides an entry point to the vast and continuously increasing knowledge of how water transport in trees is organized. It scales from cells to tissue anatomy to whole-tree physiology and landscape ecology. Known mechanisms and novel conceptual theories around how trees die as well as ways to prevent this fate are summarized. High-priority research questions for the coming years are formulated.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydraulic Anatomy and Function of Trees—Basics and Critical Developments

Pfautsch

2016

Curr Forestry Rep

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“…In addition to the relatively classical drought‐induced cavitation, we also examined hydraulic traits that are often‐neglected: wood volumetric water content and hydraulic capacitance (Epila, Maes, et al., ; Vergeynst, Dierick, et al., ). These traits, which are involved in desiccation delay strategies, determine the capacity of a species to buffer increases in xylem tension (Anderegg & Meinzer, ; Sperry et al., ) and to limit embolism formation (Phillips, Oren, Licata & Linder, ). As previously reported for tropical trees, we found that the species with the lowest resistance to cavitation and the lowest wood density, that is, the wet forest species E. ivorense , also showed the highest wood volumetric water content (Borchert, ) and the highest overall hydraulic capacitance (Borchert, ; Borchert & Pockman, ; Mcculloh, Johnson, Meinzer & Woodruff, ; Meinzer, James, Goldstein & Woodruff, ; Oliva Carrasco et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, the faster growth of wet forest species has previously been observed in Panama (Brenes‐Arguedas et al., ; Gaviria & Engelbrecht, ; Gaviria et al., ) and in Bolivia (Markesteijn & Poorter, ). Here, the fast growth of the wet forest species was related to wood traits allowing a high hydraulic conductivity (Anderegg & Meinzer, ; Sperry et al., ; Tyree, Davis & Cochard, ) which could in turn maintain high transpiration and photosynthetic rates (Santiago et al., ). These wood traits, however, confer sensitivity to embolism and overall drought sensitivity (Markesteijn, Poorter, Bongers, et al., ; Tyree et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The passage of sap flow through the intervessel pits, the vessel cell‐wall reinforcement, and the connectivity of the conduit network are at least as important as conduit size and abundance. In addition, the high water storage capacity of parenchyma of the secondary xylem is expected to contribute to hydraulic capacitance together with the conduits (Anderegg & Meinzer, ; Epila et al., ; Morris & Jansen, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Testing the divergent adaptation of two congeneric tree species on a rainfall gradient using eco‐physio‐morphological traits

et al. 2019

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In tropical Africa, evidence of widely distributed genera transcending biomes or habitat boundaries has been reported. The evolutionary processes that allowed these lineages to disperse and adapt into new environments are far from being resolved. To better understand these processes, we propose an integrated approach, based on the eco-physio-morphological traits of two sister species with adjacent distributions along a rainfall gradient. We used wood anatomical traits, plant hydraulics (vulnerability to cavitation, wood volumetric water content, and hydraulic capacitance), and growth data from the natural habitat, in a common garden, to compare species with known phylogeny, very similar morphologically, but occupying contrasting habitats:Erythrophleum ivorense (wet forest) and Erythrophleum suaveolens (moist forest and forest gallery). We identified some slight differences in wood anatomical traits between the two species associated with strong differences in hydraulics, growth, and overall species distribution. The moist forest species, E. suaveolens, had narrower vessels and intervessel pits, and higher vessel cell-wall reinforcement than E. ivorense. These traits allow a high resistance to cavitation and a continuous internal water supply of the xylem during water shortage, allowing a higher fitness during drought periods, but limiting growth. Our results confirm a trade-off between drought tolerance and growth, controlled by subtle adaptations in wood traits, as a key mechanism leading to the niche partitioning between the two Erythrophleum species. The generality of this trade-off and its importance in the diversification of the African tree flora remains to be tested. Our integrated eco-physio-morpho approach could be the way forward.Abstract in French is available with online material.

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“…In this sense, understanding the anatomical arrangement of the wood assists in determining the possible causes of stress, whether they are environmental or anthropic (Figueirôa et al, 2006;Albuquerque et al, 2012;Anderegg & Meinzer, 2015), as well as in the framework of their potential use (Benites et al, 2015;Brand et al, 2016) and proper management and conservation (Albuquerque et al, 2012;Santos et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caatinga Tree Wood Anatomy: Perspectives on Use and Conservation

Aragão

Lisi

2019

Floresta Ambient.

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This work describes the anatomical analysis of the wood of four Caatinga tree species in order to determine the anatomical characteristics necessary for species segregation in functional groups, to relate them to the regional environmental conditions, as well as to infer about their management and conservation. Qualitatively, the species showed peculiar adaptations to xeric environments such as high frequency of low caliber vessels or parenchyma cells. Quantitatively, the four taxa were divided into three functional groups related to the precipitation and temperature of the Caatinga. The relationships between anatomy and the environment have shown their vulnerability to climatic variations, and have warned of the damage that can be generated by anthropogenic action. It is advisable to use the energy of the species or for use in civil construction, with the exception of Tabebuia aurea, which is appropriate for carpentry. It was verified that the anatomy of the wood has potential as a subsidy for the use, management and conservation of the studied species.

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Wood Anatomy and Plant Hydraulics in a Changing Climate

Cited by 42 publications

References 107 publications

Hydraulic Anatomy and Function of Trees—Basics and Critical Developments

Hydraulic Anatomy and Function of Trees—Basics and Critical Developments

Testing the divergent adaptation of two congeneric tree species on a rainfall gradient using eco‐physio‐morphological traits

Caatinga Tree Wood Anatomy: Perspectives on Use and Conservation

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