Women who had positive relationships with their own mothers reported good attachments to their first child before and after birth

Tani, Franca; Castagna, Valeria; Ponti, Lucia

doi:10.1111/apa.14162

Cited by 20 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…In reference to a woman's relationship with her parents, this result is convergent with previous studies that have found that the bond quality to mother significantly influences a woman's well-being during pregnancy and after delivery, considerably reducing the risk to develop a PPD condition (64). Tani et al (65, 66) have shown that the security of attachment to mother affects the quality of prenatal attachment and the consequent ability of the new mother to be sensitive to her newborn's needs, promoting spontaneous caregiving and attachment behavior. Maternal perceived support could also be considered a relevant protector factor: women who reported a high level of maternal social support showed a lower level of PPD symptomatology after labor (31).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extensive literature has shown that women who felt more affection toward their unborn children have more compliance with health practices during pregnancy (71, 72), present less clinical complications during delivery, and show less difficulty, more confidence and better adjustment in assuming the new parenting role (73). Moreover, it has been found that prenatal attachment to the fetus plays a positive and significant role in promoting more adequate mother-child interactions (61) and spontaneous caregiving and attachment behavior after childbirth (65). Therefore, it is not surprising that the mother's prenatal attachment to child could represent a key element to improving the health of the mother and child, the outcome being a significant protective factor to prevent PPD onset.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comprehensive Analysis of Post-partum Depression Risk Factors: The Role of Socio-Demographic, Individual, Relational, and Delivery Characteristics

Smorti

Ponti

Pancetti

2019

Front. Public Health

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Postpartum depression is a common and complex phenomenon that can cause relevant negative outcomes for children, women and families. Existing literature highlights a wide range of risk factors. The main focus of this paper is to jointly investigate different types of risk factors (socio-demographic, psychopathological, relational, and related to labor and birth experience) in post-partum depression onset in women during first-child pregnancy, identifying which of these are the most important predictors. A cohort longitudinal study was conducted on 161 Italian nulliparous low-risk women (Mage = 31.63; SD = 4.88) without elective cesarean. Data was collected at three different times: Socio-demographic, prenatal anxiety and depression, and quality of close relationship network (with mother, father and partner, and the prenatal attachment to child) were assessed at T1 (week 31–32 of gestation); clinical data on labor and childbirth (mode and typology of delivery, duration of labor, duration of eventual administration of epidural analgesia, and child's APGAR index at birth) were registered at T2 (the day of childbirth); and the degree of post-natal depression symptomatology was measured at T3 (1 month after birth). Postpartum depression is associated with several risk factors (woman's age, woman's prenatal psychopathological characteristics, the level of prenatal attachment to child, the quality of romantic relationship, and some clinical delivery difficulties). Overall, the level of prenatal attachment to child was the most important predictor of post-partum depression. These findings emphasize the very important role of prenatal attachment for the onset of postpartum depression and the need to promote adequate and targeted prevention interventions. Limitations, strengths, and theoretical and clinical implications are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Analysis of Post-partum Depression Risk Factors: The Role of Socio-Demographic, Individual, Relational, and Delivery Characteristics

Smorti

Ponti

Pancetti

2019

Front. Public Health

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“…Variables with some indications of a negative relationship with maternal-fetal bonding included substance abuse [19], anxiety [19], maternal age [18], being married [18], and experience with motherhood [18]. Other studies have shown a positive association between the quality of the relationship with one’s own mother in childhood and bonding to the fetus during pregnancy [20, 21]. In addition, pregnant women’s attachment style in romantic relationships relates to maternal-fetal bonding [22–24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early maladaptive schemas as predictors of maternal bonding to the unborn child

et al. 2019

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Background The quality of an expectant mother’s bonding to the fetus has been shown to be associated with important developmental outcomes. Previous studies suggest that bonding quality is predicted by, for example, social support, psychological well-being, and depression. However, little is known regarding the role of maternal cognition in maternal-fetal bonding. Early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) are negative and stable assumptions about oneself and one’s relationships with others that are developed during childhood and adolescence. In the present study, we examined the associations between EMSs and the quality of the bonding to the fetus in expectant mothers. Methods The present investigation is part of a larger study in which 220 pregnant women (approximately 12% of the pregnant women in the region) and 130 of their partners were recruited from October 2015 until December 2017. The sample for the current study comprised 165 pregnant women (mean age 30.8 years, SD 4.1 years). The participants completed the Young Schema Questionnaire Short Form 3 (YSQ-S3) between gestational weeks 24 and 37 and the Maternal Antenatal Attachment Scale (MAAS) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) between gestational weeks 31 and 41. Results All EMS domains correlated significantly and negatively with scores for quality of maternal-fetal bonding on the MAAS. Only the Disconnection and Rejection domain correlated significantly and negatively with MAAS scores for intensity of preoccupation with the fetus. The Disconnection and Rejection domain was a significant independent predictor of the quality of maternal-fetal bonding. Symptoms of depression mediated the effect of the EMS domains on the quality of maternal-fetal bonding. The EMS domains Disconnection and Rejection, Impaired Autonomy and Performance, and Impaired Limits showed significant direct effects on bonding quality. Conclusions EMSs are related to expectant mothers’ self-reported bonding to their fetuses. This association was mediated by the mothers’ symptoms of depression. The results may have implications for the early identification of pregnant women at risk of bonding difficulties and encourage more studies on cognitive schemas and mechanisms for maternal-fetal bonding.

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“…Childhood experiences have a major impact on a person’s experience of parenthood and on adult attachment style (a facet of personality, shaped by early life experience, that structures adult interpersonal relationships) 909192. The quality of a woman’s relationships with her own parents is a known risk factor for mood disruption in the perinatal period9394; in one study of 88 women who completed a structured diagnostic interview in the third trimester, women who recalled maternal “affectionless control” were seven times more likely to be diagnosed as having postpartum depression (odds ratio 6.8, 1.80 to 25.37; P<0.005) 93…”

Section: Personalized Treatment For Specific Clinical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of perinatal depression with non-drug interventions

Johansen

Robakis

Williams

et al. 2019

BMJ

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Perinatal depression is a common disorder that has been associated with serious risks to mother and child. Recently, screening for depression in pregnant and postpartum women has increased, as has the development of new psychotherapy and non-drug treatment modalities. Matching patients to treatments can be challenging, and although research into personalized treatment of major depression in the general population has increased, no published guidelines focus on personalized treatment approaches to perinatal depression. In particular, guidelines on non-drug treatments are lacking. This review summarizes the evidence on personalized non-drug treatment of perinatal depression, how to incorporate patients’ preferences, novel treatments under investigation, and the potential role of biomarkers in matching patients to treatment. The review provides recommendations for future research in personalized care of perinatal depression.

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Women who had positive relationships with their own mothers reported good attachments to their first child before and after birth

Abstract: We found that women who had positive relationships with their own mothers also had positive attachments to their unborn babies and in the period immediately after birth. Our findings supported Bowlby's attachment intergenerational transmission theory.

Cited by 20 publications

References 29 publications

A Comprehensive Analysis of Post-partum Depression Risk Factors: The Role of Socio-Demographic, Individual, Relational, and Delivery Characteristics

A Comprehensive Analysis of Post-partum Depression Risk Factors: The Role of Socio-Demographic, Individual, Relational, and Delivery Characteristics

Early maladaptive schemas as predictors of maternal bonding to the unborn child

Management of perinatal depression with non-drug interventions

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