Women's Knowledge, Views, and Experiences Regarding Alcohol Use and Pregnancy: Opportunities to Improve Health Messages

Elek, Elvira; Harris, Shelly; Squire, Claudia; Margolis, Marjorie; Weber, Mary Kate; Dang, Elizabeth; Mitchell, B.F.

doi:10.1080/19325037.2013.768906

Cited by 46 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…We learned that women are not motivated to quit smoking beforehand and believe that it is acceptable to continue smoking until they know they are pregnant. The tendency to neglect healthy preconception behaviors has been found with other pregnancy-related behaviors as well: women of childbearing age intend to take folic acid; 21 cease alcohol consumption; 23 and, generally, practice healthy behaviors/stop unhealthy behaviors after finding out about pregnancy. 24 Pregnancy is a motivational trigger for women to change or adopt new behaviors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women's Perspectives on Smoking and Pregnancy and Graphic Warning Labels

et al. 2014

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Objectives To explore women’s knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about adverse outcomes associated with smoking during pregnancy and which outcomes might motivate cessation; to explore reactions to graphic warnings depicting 2 adverse outcomes. Methods Twelve focus groups were conducted with women of childbearing age who were current smokers. Results Participants had low to moderate awareness of many outcomes and believed it was acceptable to smoke in the first trimester before knowledge of pregnancy. Perceived susceptibility to outcomes was low. Motivators included risk-focused information, especially serious risks to the baby (eg, stillbirth, SIDS). Graphic warnings produced strong reactions, especially the warning with a real photo. Conclusions Despite barriers to reducing rates of smoking during pregnancy, educational information and photos depicting babies’ risks could motivate women to quit.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women's Perspectives on Smoking and Pregnancy and Graphic Warning Labels

et al. 2014

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“…In that breastfeeding is negatively related to both smoking and drinking, postnatal women’s health care and pediatric visits may support women maintaining reduced alcohol consumption and smoking abstinence by encouraging breastfeeding for at least six months. Finally, the finding that planned pregnancy is more protective against smoking than drinking may reflect persistent misconceptions by women of reproductive age, that is, there are some safe options for drinking during pregnancy (Elek et al, 2013), with implications for the educational work that remains in communicating the guidelines of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) regarding drinking during pregnancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concurrent Trajectories of Female Drinking and Smoking Behaviors Throughout Transitions to Pregnancy and Early Parenthood

Liu

Mumford

2017

Prev Sci

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The purpose of this longitudinal study was to investigate whether there are distinct etiological processes explaining dual usage of alcohol and conventional cigarettes by mothers from pre-conception through the early parenting years. Data on 8,800 biological mothers were drawn from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth Cohort (ECLS-B), representative of U.S. births in 2001. A general growth mixture model (GGMM) was used to empirically identify developmental trajectories of maternal smoking and drinking over the five-to-six year study period. Six classes defined by alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking were identified. These included a non-smoking, low probability of drinking class (41%) and two drinking classes displaying no smoking with either moderate (26%) or escalating high (8%) probability drinking. Additionally, two predominantly smoking classes were identified, one displaying temporary reduction in smoking during pregnancy and low probability of drinking (11%) and one following a trajectory of persistent heavy smoking with a declining probability of drinking (9%). The sixth class was described by temporary reduction in smoking during pregnancy with high probability of drinking (6%). Covariates differentially predicted class membership, e.g., having a high school degree but not further education predicted concurrent drinking and smoking, and breastfeeding for more than six months is protective against concurrent use. Prior to conception, during prenatal care, and in post-natal clinical visits, whether for personal or pediatric care, screening women of reproductive age via characteristics that predict heterogeneity in smoking and drinking trajectories may help guide prevention and treatment options.

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“…While intenders (and women who are pregnant) are more likely than nonintenders to take or consume folic acid, over 40% still do not consume the recommended daily amount of folic acid (Parrott et al, 2009). Formative research with intenders found that although intender women were aware that alcohol consumption during pregnancy can cause birth defects, several felt that it was acceptable to drink while pregnant as long as it was in moderation, and many reported that they had drank some amount of alcohol during a previous pregnancy (Elek et al, 2013). …”

Section: Audience: Intendersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Women’s Preconception Health Goals

Lynch

Squiers

Lewis

et al. 2014

Social Marketing Quarterly

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This article discusses the social marketing planning process and strategies used to design a preconception health campaign, Show Your Love, launched in February 2013. Developing a social marketing strategy for preconception health is a challenging endeavor, in part because preconception health represents a set of diverse behaviors and the audience for the campaign is quite large, encompassing all women of childbearing age whether they intend to become pregnant or not. The network of organizations implementing the campaign, the National Preconception Health Consumer Workgroup, required a broad audience segmentation strategy; therefore, two large audiences were selected. This commentary describes the two primary audiences selected for the campaign based on the Transtheoretical Model—intenders (those in contemplation, preparation, and action) and nonintenders (precontemplators)—and explores how levels of knowledge, motivations, the campaign product, and the campaign goals are distinct for each audience. Additionally, the authors describe potential extensions to the segmentation strategy that could offer finer grained approaches for social marketers who may be building on the Show Your Love campaign or designing other programs in this area.

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Women's Knowledge, Views, and Experiences Regarding Alcohol Use and Pregnancy: Opportunities to Improve Health Messages

Abstract: Background-Women continue to drink alcohol during pregnancy despite Surgeon Generals' Advisory statements and educational efforts about the dangers.

Cited by 46 publications

References 29 publications

Women's Perspectives on Smoking and Pregnancy and Graphic Warning Labels

Women's Perspectives on Smoking and Pregnancy and Graphic Warning Labels

Concurrent Trajectories of Female Drinking and Smoking Behaviors Throughout Transitions to Pregnancy and Early Parenthood

Understanding Women’s Preconception Health Goals

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