Women's intergenerational intimate partner violence and household child abuse in Burma (Myanmar)

Abstract

Intimate partner violence (IPV) and child abuse are prevalent in Burma (Myanmar). However, gaps exist in our understanding of intergenerational cycles and co-occurrence of violence, and whether patterns of violence vary by women and children's life course transitions and developmental stages. Using data from the 2015–2016 Demographic and Health Survey, we estimated structural equation models to evaluate the pathways between women's exposure to IPV perpetrated by her father against her mother (maternal abuse), her own past-year experiences of IPV, attitudes toward IPV, and household child discipline practices. We ran stratified analyses by women's age at first birth and child's age to assess whether intergenerational cycles and co-occurrence of violence in the household vary by pivotal life events and development stages. Maternal abuse was directly and indirectly associated with women's past-year exposure to physical and/or sexual IPV and children's exposure to physical or emotional child abuse by a caregiver in the household. Stratified models indicated significant intergenerational cycles of IPV and co-occurrence of IPV and child abuse among women who experienced first childbirth before age 23, and among women living with older children. We conclude that synchronized efforts to prevent violence against women and violence against children are integral to addressing cyclical and co-occurring patterns of violence in Burma (Myanmar). Violence prevention efforts might consider developmental stage and life course factors that may intensify risk of intergenerational violence.

Adverse Childhood Experiences and Intimate Partner Violence Among Youth in Cambodia: A Latent Class Analysis

“…For example, social learning theory posits that youth exposed to IPV between parents may learn and internalize these relationships dynamics, and replicate them in later adult intimate partnerships (Bandura, 1979; Yount et al, 2016). Further, underlying inequitable gender norms around men’s control in the household may contribute to co-occurring ACEs, such as violence against children and IPV, which may normalize violence within the household and contribute to intergenerational transmission of multiple forms of violence (Miedema & Kyaw, 2022; Namy et al, 2017). Exposure to ACEs during critical child development periods can also lead to stress response dysregulation, which in turn contributes to heightened reactivity to stressors later in life, and may increase risk of IPV (Hammett et al, 2020; Roberts et al, 2011).…”