Women's frequency of alcohol consumption prior to pregnancy and at their pregnancy-booking visit 2001–2006: A cohort study

Prenatal Alcohol Consumption Between Conception and Recognition of Pregnancy

“…These findings are in line with a recent study using routinely collected data in a large Australian sample, which showed that women tend to moderate alcohol use in pregnancy compared with their prepregnancy consumption (Kingsbury et al., ). However, the present findings directly oppose recently published data from an Australian prospective cohort study, which reported that women who were binge drinkers prior to pregnancy were unlikely to change drinking patterns when pregnant (with alcohol use also assessed via maternal self‐report) (Anderson et al., ).…”

“…Epidemiological studies in Australia (Anderson et al., ; Giglia and Binns, ; Hutchinson et al., ; Kingsbury et al., ) and North America (Meschke et al., ) have reported women who consume alcohol during pregnancy tend to be older, more highly educated, and earn higher incomes, than those who do not. Longer history of alcohol consumption, higher education, temptation to drink alcohol, and more confidence to manage social situations predicted heavier drinking among pregnant women screened positive for alcohol use problems (Chang et al., ).…”

Alcohol consumption by breastfeeding mothers: Frequency, correlates and infant outcomes

“…There are notable differences between women who drink alcohol and those who do not in terms of key demographics, physical and mental health factors. For instance, cohort studies have reported women who consume alcohol during pregnancy tend to be older, more highly educated and earn higher incomes, than those who do not. Tobacco use, illicit substance use, experience of trauma or abuse, depression and anxiety are also commonly found to be associated with alcohol use during pregnancy.…”

Community Priority setting for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Research in Australia

“…Insight into the determinants of PAE is key to developing prevention initiatives and providing women with appropriate support. Populationbased studies in Australia [22][23][24] and North America [25] have identified PAE as more common among women who are older, of higher socioeconomic status, and with a higher level of education, despite the latter group being more knowledgeable about the risks of PAE [26]. PAE is also more likely among women who smoke and who have not actively planned their pregnancy [20].…”