Women's Empowerment in Pakistan: Impact evaluation of the empowering small scale producers in the dairy sector project

Abstract

The project's overall objective was to improve livelihoods opportunities by increasing income and employment among members of milk cooperative groups, and promoting women's empowerment by improving their economic leadership in the dairy sector. The project activities were implemented by Oxfam GB in conjunction with Doaba Foundation, a local partner organisation. Project activities included the formation of one enterprise in the dairy sector, and the establishment of ten collection centres where farmers could sell their milk production. Other activities also included the formation of ten community groups which provided training on milk production, animal health and dairy market in order to improve the quality and quantity of the milk produced by the farmers. The project started in 2011, supporting four cooperatives in four tehsils in the Muzaffargah district, South Punjab. In 2012 the project was interrupted until January 2013 when it then continued with only one of the four original cooperatives. The evaluation focussed only on the impact on project participants involved from 2011 to 2014.

Strengthening women's empowerment and gender equality in fragile contexts towards peaceful and inclusive societies: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Lombardini and Bowman (2015) quasi‐experimental study in Pakistan was the only study evaluating the impact of TVET on decreased violence and discrimination at the household level. There was a small positive point estimate ( g = 0.09, [95% CI: −0.05 to 0.22]) that was nonsignificant, and we assessed the study as having high risk of bias.…”

“…According to the Q-test, the true outcomes appear to be heterogeneous (Q (2) = 33.11, p < 0.01, τ ˆ= 0.04 2 , I = 93.96 2 %). An examination of the studentised residuals revealed that one study (Lombardini & Bowman, 2015) had a value larger than ±2.50 and may be a potential outlier in the context of this model. Indeed sensitivity analyses leaving each study out indicated that removing Lombardini and Bowman (2015) would reduce the overall average effect (μ ˆ= 0.01 [95% CI: −0.13 to 0.15]), but the effect would still be positive and nonsignificant (z = 0.11, p = .91).…”

“…An examination of the studentised residuals revealed that one study (Lombardini & Bowman, 2015) had a value larger than ±2.50 and may be a potential outlier in the context of this model. Indeed sensitivity analyses leaving each study out indicated that removing Lombardini and Bowman (2015) would reduce the overall average effect (μ ˆ= 0.01 [95% CI: −0.13 to 0.15]), but the effect would still be positive and nonsignificant (z = 0.11, p = .91). According to the Cook's distances, none of the studies could be considered to be overly influential.…”

The impact of export processing zones on employment, wages and labour conditions in developing countries

“…An examination of the studentised residuals revealed that one study (Lombardini and Bowman 2015) had a value larger than ±2.50 and may be a potential outlier in the context of this model. Indeed sensitivity analyses leaving each study out indicated that removing Lombardini and Bowman (2015) would reduce the overall average effect (𝜇𝜇̂ = 0.01 (95% CI: -0.13 to 0.15), but the effect would still be positive and non-significant (z = 0.11, p = .91). According to the Cook's distances, none of the studies could be considered to be overly influential.…”

“…Effect of TVET on decreased violence and discrimination at the household level Lombardini & Bowman's (2015) quasi-experimental study in Pakistan was the only study evaluating the impact of TVET on decreased violence and discrimination at the household level. There was a small positive point estimate (g = 0.09, [95% CI: -0.05 to 0.22]) that was non-significant, and we assessed the study as having high risk of bias.…”