Women producers of ethnic arts

Perception of the Authenticity of Atayal Woven Handicrafts in Wulai, Taiwan

“…Although the negative impacts of tourism on host societies have often being reported (e.g. the over-commoditization of indigenous culture), tourism has become one of the most promising means for the development of ethnic or indigenous communities in developing countries (Swain, 1993). Tourism also can stimulate indigenous identity re-creation and indigenous cultural regeneration (Wilkinson, 2000).…”

Promoting Women's Empowerment Through Involvement in Ecotourism: Experiences from the Third World

“…(Kinnaird & Hall, 1996: 97) Similarly, Swain (1995: 250) posits that 'Environmental issues in tourism development are a distinct area of research ripe for gender analysis'. While a dearth of gender analysis on ecotourism initiatives is notable in the academic literature, we can find useful discussions on related issues, such as the impacts of tourism on village women (Wilkinson & Pratiwi, 1995) and women's involvement in ethnic tourism (Swain, 1993), or mountain-based tourism (Lama, 1998). In addition, examples of 'good practice' which show that women are participating equitably in sustainable tourism initiatives, have recently been compiled in a report for the United Nations' Commission on Sustainable Development (Hemmati, 1999).…”

Copreneurship in rural tourism: exploring women's experiences

“…Even though earning capacity gave the women private control within the household, they maintained a public image of gender subordination. Similarly Swain's (1993) research of ethnic arts produced by Kuna and Sani women found that while the majority of the women producers gained increased power within the household, such power did not extend to wider society as traditional gender roles persisted. Canoves et al (2004) reported that even though the role of women in rural tourism (in Spain) was viewed as important, and the women reported that rural tourism enabled them to acquire a certain social importance, it still perpetuated women's traditional roles:…”