Women-Only Transportation: How “Pink” Public Transportation Changes Public Perception of Women’s Mobility

Dunckel-Graglia, Amy

doi:10.5038/2375-0901.16.2.5

Cited by 81 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Indian policy makers need to acknowledge that one of the biggest hurdles to women's mobility remains the anxiety over possible victimisation in public spaces, buses and trains. It has been argued that such fear represents a form of gender inequality embedded within the transit system (Dunckel-Graglia 2013;Smith 2008), and studies like this can assist police to understand the scale of the problem and adopt problem oriented approaches to address women's concerns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual harassment of students on public transport: an exploratory study in Lucknow, India

Tripathi¹,

Borrion²,

Belur³

2017

Crime Prev Community Saf

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Studies suggest that incidents of sexual harassment are common occurrence on public transport in India, but there is little reliable data to understand and tackle the problem. This research explores actual and witnessed victimisations as well as perceptions of the risk by a sample of 200 tertiary female students in Lucknow, India. Consistent with literature, sexual harassment victimisation appears to be most prevalent in buses and increases with the frequency of use of public transport. We found that the number of incidents experienced as a victim and as a witness were comparable, suggesting events of sexual harassment are not widely noticed by other passengers, perhaps because they are so commonplace as not to be especially noticed. Finally, the respondents felt female students were particularly targeted amongst women more generally, but did not identify any specific risk factors in relation to the profiles of the offenders or victims.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual harassment of students on public transport: an exploratory study in Lucknow, India

Tripathi¹,

Borrion²,

Belur³

2017

Crime Prev Community Saf

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“…Women in Brazil and Mexico seemed to appreciate them (Khimm, 2006;Dunckel-Graglia, 2013), while women in Southampton, England, were concerned that segregated transport facilities would draw attention to them as targets (Lynch and Atkins 1988). Policies that receive high marks include request-stop programmes, allowing women to disembark from the bus at locations closer to their final destination during late evening hours, and public awareness campaigns denouncing groping (Trench et al, 1992;Schulz and Gilbert, 1996).…”

Section: Input Of Women Ridersmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…It has been argued that such fear represents a form of gender inequality embedded within the transit system (Dunckel-Graglia, 2013). Feminists have warned against the danger of stereotyping all women as vulnerable or afraid reminding us that fear and boldness, although maybe gendered, are not essentially female or male qualities (Pain, 2001, p. 905).…”

Section: Understanding Gendered Mobilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Fear and safety in transit environments from the women’s perspective

Loukaitou‐Sideris¹

2014

Secur J

146

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While the relationship between women's fear of crime and public space has been the focus of considerable research, transit environments have received less attention. This study examines women's safety in transit environments through a comprehensive review of the literature and in-depth interviews with representatives of 16 national women's interest groups in the United States. It finds that women have distinct safety/security needs, are often fearful of certain transit environments and frequently adjust their behaviour and travel patterns to avoid them. This is particularly true for certain groups of women who feel more vulnerable to victimization and harassment than others. The women interviewed outlined design, policing, security technology and education/outreach strategies that would make women riders feel safer in transit settings.

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“…Subway travelers in Mexico City are exposed to the sale and consumption of food inside the premises, street vendors, and the absence of seats at the stations. The first two train cars are exclusively for women, the disabled, and the elderly [13]. Some cities have applied exclusive cars for women as a measure to decrease sexual harassment [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passenger-surface microbiome interactions in the subway of Mexico City

et al. 2020

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Interaction between hands and the environment permits the interchange of microorganisms. The Mexico City subway is used daily by millions of passengers that get in contact with its surfaces. In this study, we used 16S rRNA gene sequencing to characterize the microbiomes of frequently touched surfaces and compare regular and women-only wagons. We also explored the effect of surface cleaning on microbial resettling. Finally, we studied passenger behavior and characterized microbial changes after traveling. Most passengers (99%), showed some type of surface interaction during a wagon trip, mostly with the hands (92%). We found microbiome differences associated with surfaces, probably reflecting diverse surface materials and usage frequency. The platform floor was the most bacterial diverse surface, while the stair handrail and pole were the least diverse ones. After pole cleaning, the resettling of microbial diversity was fast (5-30 minutes); however, it did not resemble the initial composition. After traveling, passengers significantly increased their hand microbial diversity and converged to a similar microbial composition among passengers. Additionally, passenger hand microbiomes resembled subway surfaces in diversity. However, microbial fingerprints were preserved within passengers after traveling.

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Women-Only Transportation: How “Pink” Public Transportation Changes Public Perception of Women’s Mobility

Abstract: Abstract

Cited by 81 publications

References 27 publications

Sexual harassment of students on public transport: an exploratory study in Lucknow, India

Sexual harassment of students on public transport: an exploratory study in Lucknow, India

Fear and safety in transit environments from the women’s perspective

Passenger-surface microbiome interactions in the subway of Mexico City

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