Women in Seminary: A Review of Current Social Science Research

Charlton, Joy

doi:10.2307/3511636

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…For example, in addition to their official and multifaceted vocational roles, parishioners often expect clergywomen to carry out certain gender-stereotyped tasks, such as cleaning the parsonage or the church building (de Gasquet 2010). Furthermore, when clergymen and clergywomen enact the same occupational duties, their congregations evaluate clergywomen less favorably (Charlton 1987;Maybury and Chickering 2001;Eagly and Karau 2002). As high levels of demand and low levels of support are associated with higher levels of negative mental health for clergy (Proeschold-Bell et al 2014), these clergy are likely more at risk.…”

Section: Clergy Health and The Stained-glass Ceilingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Resilience of Clergywomen?: Gender and the Relationship between Occupational Distress and Mental Health among Congregational Leaders

Holleman

2022

Scientific Study of Religion

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Religious leaders face unique vocational challenges that place their mental health at risk. As the clergy as a profession has traditionally been male-dominated, clergywoman experience greater occupational stress than their clergymen colleagues, putting their mental health at additional risk. However, past research offers varied evidence on the gendered nature of clergy health, suggesting that clergywomen may be especially resilient to some difficulties of clergy work. Using panel data from the Clergy Health Initiative, a sample of United Methodist pastors from 2010 to 2021, this study examines clergy-specific occupational stress and its gendered relationship with depression. I find that, while clergywomen experience higher levels of occupational stress, the relationship between occupational stress and depression is weaker for clergywomen as compared to clergymen. This study thus offers a new perspective on the gendered nature of the pastorate: that clergywomen may be able to more effectively cope with vocational difficulties than clergymen.

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Section: Clergy Health and The Stained-glass Ceilingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Resilience of Clergywomen?: Gender and the Relationship between Occupational Distress and Mental Health among Congregational Leaders

Holleman

2022

Scientific Study of Religion

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“…Meanwhile, studies demonstrate the ways in which women use religion and religious institutions as tools to fight for equality (Charlton, 1987; Daly, 1973). Some research further argues that religious institutions, as both a symbolic and physical space, can create opportunities for women to network with other women and build a feminist consciousness (Ammerman, 1997; Wuthnow, 1994).…”

Section: Women's Status In Religious Spacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During both the earlier waves of feminist movements, religion was attacked as a major institution that discriminates against women and subjugates them to male control, both theologically and organizationally (Chaves, 1997; Daly, 1975; Wallace, 1975; 1992; Weaver, 1986). Meanwhile, studies demonstrate the ways in which women use religion and religious institutions as tools to fight for equality (Charlton, 1987; Daly, 1973). Some research further argues that religious institutions, as both a symbolic and physical space, can create opportunities for women to network with other women and build a feminist consciousness (Ammerman, 1997; Wuthnow, 1994).…”

Section: Women’s Status In Religious Spacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muslim women’s evolving leadership roles: A case study of women leaders in an immigrant Muslim community in post-9/11 America

Wang

2017

Social Compass

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Based on three years of ethnographic fieldwork in a multi-ethnic immigrant Muslim congregation in a Midwestern city in the United States, this paper scrutinizes the intricate process through which women uses traditional gender roles and expectations to legitimate and operationalize women's leadership. This study found that de facto congregationalism has made it possible for Muslim women to translate their "traditional" responsibilities for food preparation and socializing children into greater visibility and voice in both the mosque and broader society. This study provides an in-depth examination of the nuanced processes of women's empowerment in American Muslim congregations. Key Words: immigrant Muslims; post-9/11 American society; Muslim women; women's empowerment RésuméCe texte, basé sur un travail de terrain effectué pendant trois ans dans une ville du Midwest aux États-Unis, analyse le processus à travers lequel les femmes musulmanes utilisent leurs rôles traditionnels afin de légitimer la place des dirigeants femmes ausein de la communauté musulmane. Cette étude montre que l'assemblée de facto congrégationalisme a permis aux femmes musulmanes de faire valoir leurs responsabilités traditionnelles dans la cuisine et avec les enfants dans la mosquée et au sein de la société musulmane. Cette étude fournit un examen détaillé des processus d'émancipation des femmes dans les assemblées musulmanes aux États-Unis. Mots-clés: émancipations des femmes, femmes musulmanes, immigrés musulmans, société américaine après le 11 Septembre IntroductionThe status of Muslim women has stimulated heavy debates among scholars, in such aspects as Muslim women's perceptions and experiences of veiling (Korteweg and Yurdakul, 2014; Read http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0037768617713660 ©2017 Sage Journals 2 and Bartkowski, 2000), mate selection (Zaidi and Shuraydi, 2002), marital relationships (Hassouneh-Phillips, 2001), and other family-related issues (Sherif, 1999). These studies contribute to our understanding of the roles of Muslim women in Muslim-minority societies and the complex processes of identity formation. However, only a handful of scholars have paid attention to Muslim women in public spaces, such as schools and workplaces (Aswad, 1994; Read, 2002). Almost none specifically consider women's roles inside mosques and various faith-based activities, such as inter-congregational and inter-religious dialogues (except Predelli, 2003 and Hammer, 2013). This neglect may be largely due to the cultural practice of gender segregation in many mosques that can lead to a general lack of women's participation in public events and restrictions on their role in places of worship.In this article, I illuminate the strategies by which Muslim women claim leadership roles in their mosque as they initiate and participate in both religious and secular activities by drawing from observational and interview data gathered during three years of ethnographic research in an immigrant Muslim congregation. Ironically, while the events of 9/11 cau...

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“…While the literature on female ministers appears wide, much of it consists of personal accounts and essays (Charlton 1987); works that are by and large impressionistic and joumalistic in style (Proctor and Proctor 1976); or scholarly and passionate essays about the debate over women's ordination (Hewitt and Hiatt 1973;House 1990). Of the social science literature, significant studies discuss the experiences of female seminarians (Kleinman 1984); lay leaders' reactions to the idea of women in the ministry and how actual encounters with these women lessen their resistance (Lehman 1985); the commonalities of the spiritual life stories of female Pentecostal preachers in central M issouri (Lawless 1988); and seventeen clergywomen and their commitment to responsible caring for others (Ice 1987).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In the Same Voice or Is It Different?: Gender and the Clergy

Simon

Nadell

1995

Sociology of Religion

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This paper reports the observations of male ministers and rabbis to the manner in which the.ir female colleagues perform the.ir clerical roles, h indicates that the men do not see the differences in style and substance that the women clergy claim they have introduce&She prefers to sit in a circle and discuss a text to giving a sermon; cradles babies when welcoming them to the covenant; cries unabashedly at funerals; and has been criticized by denominational leaders for kissing congregants at life cycle events. When asked ii: she thinks she carries out her role as rabbi differently than her male coIleagues, she answers, emphatically, yes. He says gender differences do not exist in the rabbinate except for the fact that women rabbis provide girls with positive role models. When asked if he carries out his rabbinical roles differently than a female colleague, he answers, emphatically, no.This paper reports the observations of male ministers and rabbis to the manner in which their female colleagues perform their roles. As described in our earlier work, female clergy, both rabbis and ministers, believe they fulfill their roles differently than their male colleagues and that these differences are, in fact, based on sex. In our first article we explored the backgrounds, motivations, and experiences of female rabbis (Simon and Nadell 1991). Based on thirty-five indepth interviews with thirty-two Reform, two Reconstructionist, and one Conservative rabbi, we asked: "As a rabbi who is also a woman, do you think you carry out your rabbinical role differently than a male rabbi who is the same age as you are and who was ordained from the seminary?" Almost all the respondents answered: "Yes." The women described themselves as less formal, more approachable, more egalitarian, more likely to reach out to touch and hug, less likely to intrude their egos, and less likely to seek center stage. They asserted that they perform rites of passage ceremonies differently. Some used the phrase "t" Direct aU correspondence to Prof. Pamela Nade.U,

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Women in Seminary: A Review of Current Social Science Research

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

The Resilience of Clergywomen?: Gender and the Relationship between Occupational Distress and Mental Health among Congregational Leaders

The Resilience of Clergywomen?: Gender and the Relationship between Occupational Distress and Mental Health among Congregational Leaders

Muslim women’s evolving leadership roles: A case study of women leaders in an immigrant Muslim community in post-9/11 America

In the Same Voice or Is It Different?: Gender and the Clergy

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