Women at the Nexus of Correctional and Social Policies: Implications for Recidivism Risk

Morash, Merry; Kashy, Deborah A.; Bohmert, Miriam Northcutt; Cobbina, Jennifer E.; Smith, Sandi W.

doi:10.1093/bjc/azv124

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…These approaches are more structural in nature and have infrequently been used in criminal justice settings. On a policy level, strengthening existing safety nets is critical to reducing women’s engagement in risk behaviors and the likelihood of recidivism (Morash et al, 2017). An expansive approach should be considered, including more coordinated efforts to address some of the structural drivers of risk and creating safer spaces for women to disclose and receive services.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study by Morash et al (2017) underscores the tremendous economic and social vulnerabilities among women released under community supervision and the negative effect of unmet needs on recidivism. Through interviews with 345 women under community supervision in Michigan, Morash and colleagues (2017) found that women with unmet economic needs (housing and monetary assistance) from the state (benefits) were more likely to recidivate than women without unmet needs or whose needs were met. In addition, they found that women with unmet economic needs were more likely to also report substance use and poor mental health, pointing to a coalescence of risks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, examining the prevalence and correlates of sex trading among this sample of women in an urban setting has potential implications for the introduction, maintenance, or expansion of related federal and state level policies. Such policies might close the gap on unmet psychosocial and economic needs among this population of women, providing for improved and coordinated access to resources and targeted services to reduce engagement in the high-risk behaviors that often result in entry and re-entry into criminal justice settings (Morash et al, 2017; Shdaimah & Leon, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and Factors Associated With Sex Trading Among High-Risk Substance-Involved Women Under Community Supervision in New York City

Jiwatram-Negrón¹,

Shaw

et al. 2019

Criminal Justice and Behavior

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This article examines the prevalence of and factors associated with sex trading among a high-risk sample of 337 substance-involved women in community corrections enrolled in an HIV risk reduction study in New York City, using baseline data. Forty percent of the sample reported trading sex for money, food, drugs, or other resources in the prior 90 days. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed significant associations among age, ethnic minority status, marital status, prior mental health hospitalization, binge drinking, and having recently been in jail/prison and sex trading ( p < .05). Women who reported that both they and their partner recently (past 90 days) used crack/cocaine or that their partner recently used crack/cocaine were more likely to report sex trading than women who reported that neither they nor their partner recently used crack/cocaine ( p < .05). Study findings underscore an urgent need for multipronged intervention efforts that simultaneously address multilevel risk exposures.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prevalence and Factors Associated With Sex Trading Among High-Risk Substance-Involved Women Under Community Supervision in New York City

Jiwatram-Negrón¹,

Shaw

et al. 2019

Criminal Justice and Behavior

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Research on work activation policies has also consistently shown that financial penalties for noncompliance are linked to material hardship (Raffass, 2017) and are applied more often to recipients with multiple barriers to employment, including histories of substance use (Bauld et al, 2012). However, in contrast to nonvoluntary interactions with the criminal justice system, when welfare surveillance becomes too burdensome or stigmatizing, recipients simply withdraw from the system (Morash et al, 2017;Sherman, 2013). A study of recipients in the UK documented that in order to avoid interactions with the welfare system, recipients turned to other sources of income, such as borrowing money from friends, visiting food banks, and crime (Wright et al, 2020).…”

Section: Drug Addiction Punitiveness and Supervision In The Criminalmentioning

confidence: 99%

State supervision, punishment and poverty: The case of drug bans on welfare receipt

Sheely

2020

Punishment & Society

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This article explores the relationship between supervisory approaches to governance, punishment, and poverty among people with drug convictions. Tying government assistance to supervision could improve employment and economic outcomes. However, if experienced as punishment, recipients may forgo financial assistance and be more likely to experience poverty. Using information on policies that restrict access to welfare for people with drug felony convictions in the Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) and the Supplementary Nutrition Assistance Programs (SNAP), this paper makes two contributions. First, it documents state variation in the balance between supervision and punishment in these bans. Second, using data from NLSY97, it estimates how individuals’ likelihood of being in poverty is related to state SNAP drug ban policies. States have shifted away from overtly punitive policies denying access to welfare toward policies that increase supervisory requirements, especially for SNAP. This shows that punitiveness extends beyond work activation programs like TANF. Additionally, poverty among people with drug convictions is almost half in no ban states compared to those in full ban states. While poverty is lower in states that include supervisory requirements than in those for which a drug conviction fully blocks access to welfare, this difference was not statistically significant.

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“…More recent data collected by Wright et al [128] reveal that for a sample of 581 Minnesota women in prison, on probation, and in a drug court program, nearly 50 % were unemployed (with women in prison reporting employment at time of arrest), and more than the majority of that sample reported annual incomes of $10,000 or less. Economic insecurity is a criminogenic constant in the lives of women with conviction records [55,83]. Clearly, we must consider how desistance theoretical frameworks that are hinged on the influence of life course events and social processes imbued with gendered significance, shape desistance, and persistence for women in ways that may diverge from the processes experienced by men.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Age at Prison Release on Women’s Desistance Trajectories: a Mixed-Method Analysis

Kerrison

Bachman

Paternoster

2016

J Dev Life Course Criminology

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to measure the effect that age has on women's gendered prisoner reentry experiences and the likelihood of desisting from crime and substance abuse. This study also seeks to evaluate the applicability of Paternoster and Bushway's (2009) Identity Theory of Desistance (ITD) for a contemporary, all-female sample. Methods This mixed-method study makes use of official arrest data for 218 women leaving Delaware prisons in the mid 1990s, to create group-based offending trajectory models. A representative subsample of 118 women was interviewed between 2009 and 2011 and asked to conceptualize the mechanisms that led to their desistance or persistence in offending. Results Multinomial logistic regression analyses reveal that for some of the sample, age at the time of release from prison has a positive effect on the likelihood that women will belong to a desisting trajectory group rather than the most deviant reference group. Interview narratives demonstrate that in navigating the post-incarceration gendered experiences of securing employment, family reunification, and substance abuse recovery, maturity, clarity about one's personal responsibility for linked failures, and a desire to transform one's identity were significant factors that preceded the capacity to excel in those reentry domains. Conclusions These findings lend support for the applicability of ITD for women's desistance experiences. As older women appear to express a reentry goal orientation that diverges from that of their younger counterparts, gender-responsive rehabilitation J Dev Life Course Criminology (2016) agendas must also include programming that increases the likelihood that participants will connect failures sooner so that the prosocial benefits of a healthy identity change can be enjoyed for longer.

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Women at the Nexus of Correctional and Social Policies: Implications for Recidivism Risk

Cited by 19 publications

References 45 publications

Prevalence and Factors Associated With Sex Trading Among High-Risk Substance-Involved Women Under Community Supervision in New York City

Prevalence and Factors Associated With Sex Trading Among High-Risk Substance-Involved Women Under Community Supervision in New York City

State supervision, punishment and poverty: The case of drug bans on welfare receipt

The Effects of Age at Prison Release on Women’s Desistance Trajectories: a Mixed-Method Analysis

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