Wolf Depredation on Livestock in the Pamir

Watanabe, Teiji; Izumiyama, Shigeyuki; Gaunavinaka, Lebaiatelaite; Anarbaev, Maksat

doi:10.7886/hgs.85.26

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Studies carried out on human–wildlife conflicts concluded that wildlife-affected people hold negative feelings for carnivores [62,63,64,65]. In our study the interviewees shared a negative attitude towards the wolf and desired to reduce or eliminate it from their area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Status and Magnitude of Grey Wolf Conflict with Pastoral Communities in the Foothills of the Hindu Kush Region of Pakistan

Khan

Luan

Ahmad

et al. 2019

Animals

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Simple SummaryDespite higher loss due to disease, human–carnivore conflicts over livestock depredation is one of the major problems in carnivore conservation, both locally and globally. Locals share negative attitudes towards the wolf due to conflicts over livestock depredation. Using semi-structured questionnaires, we found that grey wolf is in a serious conflict with the locals, causing economic loss to them at the expanse of its own life. The locals considered the species a serious threat to their livestock, causing them economic losses, and wanted to reduce or even eliminate it from their area. Respondents having larger herd size and higher dependency on livestock for earning livelihoods shared more negative attitudes towards the wolves. In our study area the economic loss of the locals due to livestock mortalities from diseases was higher than that from wolf depredation. Therefore, we suggested that vaccination of the livestock and compensation schemes will help to change the perception of locals towards wolf.AbstractPastoralist–wolf conflict over livestock depredation is the main factor affecting conservation of grey wolf worldwide. Very limited research has been carried out to evaluate the pattern and nature of livestock depredation by wolf. This study aims to determine the status and nature of human–wolf conflict across different villages in the Hind Kush region of Pakistan during the period January 2016–December 2016. For this purpose, a total of 110 local male respondents from all walks of life were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. The grey wolf was declared as a common species in the area by 51.3% of the locals with an annual sighting rate of 0.46 each. During the year (2016), a total of 358 livestock were lost to grey wolf predation and disease. Of the total livestock loss, grey wolf was held responsible for a total 101 livestock losses. Goat and sheep were the most vulnerable prey species as they accounted for 80 (79.2%) of the total reported depredations. Out of the total economic loss (USD 46,736, USD 424.87/household), grey wolf was accountable for USD 11,910 (USD 108.27 per household), while disease contributed 34,826 (USD 316.6 per household). High depredation was observed during the summer season 58.42% (n = 59) followed by spring and autumn. Unattended livestock were more prone to grey wolf attack during free grazing in forests. Most of the respondents (75.45%) showed aggressive and negative attitudes towards grey wolf. The herders shared more negative attitude (z = −3.21, p = 0.001) than businessman towards the species. Herders having larger herd size displayed more deleterious behavior towards wolves than those having smaller herd size. Active herding techniques, vaccinating livestock, educating locals about wildlife importance, and initiating compensating schemes for affected families could be helpful to decrease negative perceptions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Status and Magnitude of Grey Wolf Conflict with Pastoral Communities in the Foothills of the Hindu Kush Region of Pakistan

Khan

Luan

Ahmad

et al. 2019

Animals

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“…Wolves were responsible for the majority of livestock losses in the Tajik (100%) and Afghan (70%) Pamirs, while the snow leopard was found to be the major predator in the Pakistani Pamirs (65%). Wolf predation has been a major issue in the Pamirs (Izumiyama et al 2009) and has been controlled lethally by the locals by paying hunters to kill them (Watanabe et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Available literature (Hussain 2000, Mishra and Fitzherbert 2004, Watanabe et al 2010) describes mass killing of both snow leopards and wolves in the Pamirs. The majority of respondents perceived wolves and snow leopards as lethal for livestock and consequently expressed desires to see reduced populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pastoralist-predator interaction at the roof of the world: Conflict dynamics and implications for conservation

Din¹,

Ali²,

Ali³

et al. 2017

E&S

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ABSTRACT. Pastoralism and predation are two major concomitantly known facts and matters of concern for conservation biologists worldwide. Pastoralist-predator conflict constitutes a major social-ecological concern in the Pamir mountain range encompassing Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Tajikistan, and affects community attitudes and tolerance toward carnivores. Very few studies have been conducted to understand the dynamics of livestock predation by large carnivores like snow leopards (Panthera uncia) and wolves (Canis lupus), owing to the region's remoteness and inaccessibility. This study attempts to assess the intensity of livestock predation (and resulting perceptions) by snow leopards and wolves across the Afghani, Pakistani, and Tajik Pamir range during the period January 2008-June 2012. The study found that livestock mortality due to disease is the most serious threat to livestock (an average 3.5 animal heads per household per year) and ultimately to the rural economy (an average of US$352 per household per year) as compared to predation (1.78 animal heads per household per year, US$191) in the three study sites. Overall, 1419 (315 per year) heads of livestock were reportedly killed by snow leopards (47%) and wolves (53%) in the study sites. People with comparatively smaller landholdings and limited earning options, other than livestock rearing, expressed negative attitudes toward both wolves and snow leopards and vice versa. Education was found to be an effective solution to dilute people's hatred for predators. Low public tolerance of the wolf and snow leopard in general explained the magnitude of the threat facing predators in the Pamirs. This will likely continue unless tangible and informed conservation measures like disease control and predation compensation programs are taken among others.

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“…and woolly monkeys (Lagothrix sp.) in the Amazon basin (Kumpel et al, 2010), and the wolf populations of the Pamir region of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan (Watanabe et al, 2010). Loss of biological diversity within already established protected areas indicates a distinct institutional/administrative weakness, especially when they have governmental support, legal protection and formal governing organization (Oestreicher et al, 2009).…”

Section: Parks Vol 201 March 2014mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the contrary, the 2-3 tigers killed each year in and around the Sundarbans due to attacks on human or livestock, plus an unknown number poached, could threaten the longterm viability of the tiger population (which is estimated at about 150 adult females). Controlling 'problem animals' due to human-wildlife conflict is a global issue, and includes conflicts with Amur Tiger (Panthera tigris altaica) in the Far East provinces of Russia (Goodrich et al, 2011), wolves in the Pamir regions of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan (Izumiyama et al, 2009;Watanabe et al, 2010), lions in Masai region of Kenya and Tanzania (Okello & Hadas, 2000). Tiger conservation in Bangladesh must take into account the local socioeconomic conditions of which human-tiger conflict is an important feature (Barlow, 2009).…”

Section: Parks Vol 201 March 2014mentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns and extent of threats to the protected areas of Bangladesh: the need for a relook at conservation strategies

Chowdhury¹,

Nazia²,

Izumiyama³

et al. 2014

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Wolf Depredation on Livestock in the Pamir

Abstract: The questionnaire survey shows that 94.4% of the respondents consider reducing the wolf population a necessity.The existing measures against wolf depredation on livestock do not function well, so they need to be improved and strengthened.

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

Status and Magnitude of Grey Wolf Conflict with Pastoral Communities in the Foothills of the Hindu Kush Region of Pakistan

Status and Magnitude of Grey Wolf Conflict with Pastoral Communities in the Foothills of the Hindu Kush Region of Pakistan

Pastoralist-predator interaction at the roof of the world: Conflict dynamics and implications for conservation

Patterns and extent of threats to the protected areas of Bangladesh: the need for a relook at conservation strategies

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