Wolbachia suppresses cell fusing agent virus in mosquito cells

Zhang, Guagmei; Etebari, Kayvan; Asgari, Sassan

doi:10.1099/jgv.0.000653

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…These virus-derived siRNAs (vsiRNAs) are then loaded into the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), and they have been shown to modulate and control virus accumulation and tolerance in the host (71). In invertebrates, the RNAi response against flaviviruses has been well established in mosquitoes infected with both VIF (72)(73)(74) and cISFs (75,76). In crustaceans, delivery of siRNA and dsRNA have been experimentally demonstrated to control white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) (family Nimaviridae) replication in both the Penaeus japonicus shrimp and the whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, challenged with WSSV (77,78).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery of Novel Crustacean and Cephalopod Flaviviruses: Insights into the Evolution and Circulation of Flaviviruses between Marine Invertebrate and Vertebrate Hosts

Parry

Asgari

2019

J Virol

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Most described flaviviruses (family Flaviviridae) are disease-causing pathogens of vertebrates maintained in zoonotic cycles between mosquitoes or ticks and vertebrate hosts. Poor sampling of flaviviruses outside vector-borne flaviviruses such as Zika virus and dengue virus has presented a narrow understanding of flavivirus diversity and evolution. In this study, we discovered three crustacean flaviviruses (Gammarus chevreuxi flavivirus, Gammarus pulex flavivirus, and Crangon crangon flavivirus) and two cephalopod flaviviruses (Southern Pygmy squid flavivirus and Firefly squid flavivirus). Bayesian and maximum likelihood phylogenetic methods demonstrate that crustacean flaviviruses form a well-supported clade and share a more closely related ancestor with terrestrial vector-borne flaviviruses than with classical insect-specific flaviviruses. In addition, we identify variants of Wenzhou shark flavivirus in multiple gazami crab (Portunus trituberculatus) populations, with active replication supported by evidence of an active RNA interference response. This suggests that Wenzhou shark flavivirus moves horizontally between sharks and gazami crabs in ocean ecosystems. Analyses of the mono-and dinucleotide composition of marine flaviviruses compared to that of flaviviruses with known host status suggest that some marine flaviviruses share a nucleotide bias similar to that of vector-borne flaviviruses. Furthermore, we identify crustacean flavivirus endogenous viral elements that are closely related to elements of terrestrial vector-borne flaviviruses. Taken together, these data provide evidence of flaviviruses circulating between marine vertebrates and invertebrates, expand our understanding of flavivirus host range, and offer potential insights into the evolution and emergence of terrestrial vector-borne flaviviruses.IMPORTANCE Some flaviviruses are known to cause disease in vertebrates and are typically transmitted by blood-feeding arthropods such as ticks and mosquitoes. While an ever-increasing number of insect-specific flaviviruses have been described, we have a narrow understanding of flavivirus incidence and evolution. To expand this understanding, we discovered a number of novel flaviviruses that infect a range of crustaceans and cephalopod hosts. Phylogenetic analyses of these novel marine flaviviruses suggest that crustacean flaviviruses share a close ancestor to all terrestrial vector-borne flaviviruses, and squid flaviviruses are the most divergent of all known flaviviruses to date. Additionally, our results indicate horizontal transmission of a marine flavivirus between crabs and sharks. Taken together, these data suggest that flaviviruses move horizontally between invertebrates and vertebrates in ocean ecosystems. This study demonstrates that flavivirus invertebrate-vertebrate host associations have arisen in flaviviruses at least twice and may potentially provide insights into the emergence or origin of terrestrial vector-borne flaviviruses. FIG 2 Translation of a complete polyprotein depends on highly st...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery of Novel Crustacean and Cephalopod Flaviviruses: Insights into the Evolution and Circulation of Flaviviruses between Marine Invertebrate and Vertebrate Hosts

Parry

Asgari

2019

J Virol

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“…This may be due to poor transfection efficiency as reported by various laboratories. It may also be due to the persistent infection of Aag2 cells with the cell fusing agent virus 37 , 38 (CFAV). CFAV is an insect-cell specific flavivirus that induces infected cells to undergo syncytium formation, where cells fuse to form enlarged, multi-nucleated cells, induced by the fusion of the virus with the cell membrane 39 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a range of mammalian and mosquito cell lines for use in Chikungunya virus research

Roberts

Zothner

Remenyi

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is becoming an increasing global health issue which has spread across the globe and as far north as southern Europe. There is currently no vaccine or anti-viral treatment available. Although there has been a recent increase in CHIKV research, many of these in vitro studies have used a wide range of cell lines which are not physiologically relevant to CHIKV infection in vivo. In this study, we aimed to evaluate a panel of cell lines to identify a subset that would be both representative of the infectious cycle of CHIKV in vivo, and amenable to in vitro applications such as transfection, luciferase assays, immunofluorescence, western blotting and virus infection. Based on these parameters we selected four mammalian and two mosquito cell lines, and further characterised these as potential tools in CHIKV research.

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“…aegypti cell lines (Schnettler, Sreenu, Mottram, & McFarlane, 2016; Zhang, Etebari, & Asgari, 2016). This suppressive effect, however, was lost in the laboratory where Wolbachia significantly enhanced loads of OTU2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wolbachia enhances insect‐specific flavivirus infection in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes

Amuzu

Tsyganov

Koh

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Mosquitoes transmit a diverse group of human flaviviruses including West Nile, dengue, yellow fever, and Zika viruses. Mosquitoes are also naturally infected with insect‐specific flaviviruses (ISFs), a subgroup of the family not capable of infecting vertebrates. Although ISFs are not medically important, they are capable of altering the mosquito's susceptibility to flaviviruses and may alter host fitness. Wolbachia is an endosymbiotic bacterium of insects that when present in mosquitoes limits the replication of co‐infecting pathogens, including flaviviruses. Artificially created Wolbachia‐infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are being released into the wild in a series of trials around the globe with the hope of interrupting dengue and Zika virus transmission from mosquitoes to humans. Our work investigated the effect of Wolbachia on ISF infection in wild‐caught Ae. aegypti mosquitoes from field release zones. All field mosquitoes were screened for the presence of ISFs using general degenerate flavivirus primers and their PCR amplicons sequenced. ISFs were found to be common and widely distributed in Ae. aegypti populations. Field mosquitoes consistently had higher ISF infection rates and viral loads compared to laboratory colony material indicating that environmental conditions may modulate ISF infection in Ae. aegypti. Surprisingly, higher ISF infection rates and loads were found in Wolbachia‐infected mosquitoes compared to the Wolbachia‐free mosquitoes. Our findings demonstrate that the symbiont is capable of manipulating the mosquito virome and that Wolbachia‐mediated viral inhibition is not universal for flaviviruses. This may have implications for the Wolbachia‐based DENV control strategy if ISFs confer fitness effects or alter mosquito susceptibility to other flaviviruses.

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Wolbachia suppresses cell fusing agent virus in mosquito cells

Cited by 28 publications

References 50 publications

Discovery of Novel Crustacean and Cephalopod Flaviviruses: Insights into the Evolution and Circulation of Flaviviruses between Marine Invertebrate and Vertebrate Hosts

Discovery of Novel Crustacean and Cephalopod Flaviviruses: Insights into the Evolution and Circulation of Flaviviruses between Marine Invertebrate and Vertebrate Hosts

Evaluation of a range of mammalian and mosquito cell lines for use in Chikungunya virus research

Wolbachia enhances insect‐specific flavivirus infection in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes

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