“…The bacterium synthesizes haem, riboflavin (vitamin B2), and flavin adenine dinucleotide, which the parasite host is unable to synthesize and that have been inferred to play an important role in filarial reproduction and development, as well as nucleotides, which are required during oogenesis and embryogenesis [18,38,39]. In addition, members of the genus Wolbachia participate in pathways aimed at preventing apoptosis of filarial reproductive, embryonic and somatic cells [17,40], likely by the direct targeting of the apoptotic signalling cascade [41][42][43]. (reviewed by [13]).…”