Wnt11 expression in rat dental pulp and promotional effects of Wnt signaling on odontoblast differentiation

Abstract

Congenital anomalies of wingless-type mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) integration site family (Wnt) are frequently accompanied with tooth and dentin abnormality. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Wnt signaling on odontoblast differentiation of mouse dental papilla cells (MDPs). Mouse dental papilla cells were cultured in α-modified minimum essential medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum and antibiotics. Odontoblast differentiation was induced by bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2), and the expression of odontoblast-specific markers and Wnt-related signaling molecules was analyzed by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Odontoblast differentiation was evaluated by dentin sialophosphoprotein (Dspp) and dentin matrix protein (DMP) 1 expression. Localization of β-catenin in MDPs was detected by immunocytochemistry using an anti-β-catenin antibody. Dspp expression in MDPs was upregulated in the presence of BMP2. Wnt5a, Wnt11, Lef1 and Tcf4 expression was upregulated in BMP2-treated MDPs. Wnt11 expression was detected in rat dental pulp in vivo, and particularly strong expression of Wnt11 was detected in odontoblasts. Enhanced Dspp and DMP1 expression and alkaline phosphatase activity induced by BMP2 were completely negated by the Wnt antagonist: IWR-1-endo treatment. Nuclear translocation of β-catenin observed in BMP2-treated MDPs was also negated by IWR-1-endo treatment. These results indicate that Wnt signaling upregulates odontoblast marker expression in MDPs, suggesting a promoting effect of Wnt signaling on odontoblast differentiation.

Retraction: Products of dentin matrix protein-1 degradation by interleukin-1β-induced matrix metalloproteinase-3 promote proliferation of odontoblastic cells

“…Recent reports demonstrate that IL-1β-induced MMP-3 is associated with the secreted glycoprotein Wnt signaling pathway (15). We have also demonstrated that IL-1β-induced MMP-3-regulated proliferation of mouse ESCderived odontoblastic cells is mediated by the Wnt5a-and 5b-signaling pathways (16).…”

Odontoblasts: Specialized hard‐tissue‐forming cells in the dentin‐pulp complex

“…The other growth factors involved in odontoblast differentiation include epidermal growth factor (Liang et al ; Liang et al ), FGF2 (Nakao et al ; Shimabukuro et al ; Morito et al ; Shimabukuro et al ), growth differentiation factor 11 (Nakashima et al ; Nakashima et al ), platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF) (Yokose et al ), hepatocyte growth factor (Li et al ), and insulin‐like growth factors (IGF) (Onishi et al ). Odontoblast differentiation is modulated by various molecules, including twist (Galler et al ), Nuclear factor I‐C (Lee et al ), Notch (Zhang et al ; Sun et al ), Wnt (Scheller et al ; Koizumi et al ), Runx2, Sp7 (Chen et al ), Runx3 (Zheng et al ), and DLX3 (Choi et al ). However, the specific factor(s) or gene(s), including master genes, required for commitment to odontoblast differentiation remain unclear.…”

Retraction: Polyphosphate-induced matrix metalloproteinase-3-mediated proliferation in rat dental pulp fibroblast-like cells is mediated by a Wnt5 signaling cascade

“…The mRNA and protein levels of both factors were increased by Poly(P). Bone-associated cells also express other Wnt proteins such as Wnt3a, Wnt6, Wnt10a, and Wnt11 (41)(42)(43). To assess whether the induction of Wnt5a and Wnt5b by Poly(P) is a specific response in DPFCs, we evaluated the expression of these other Wnt proteins following treatment with the same concentrations of Poly(P).…”