Wnt10a Is a Candidate as a Non-Cellular Agent for Induction of Dental Pulp Regeneration with Dentine-Inducing Capacity.

Abstract

The aim of regenerative medicine is to restore the original functions of tissues and organs damaged by disease or impairment. Stem cell transfusion has been used clinically as regenerative therapy in a wide range of fields. This therapy promotes regeneration of partially damaged tissues or organs by transfer of tissue stem cells. Teeth are produced from dental germ, which is induced by interactions between epithelial and mesenchymal stem cells. Wnt signals are heavily involved in this process. Furthermore, it has been shown that β-catenin is expressed in the nucleus of odontoblasts and dentinal cells located immediately under repaired dentine after pulpotomy, and that macrophages in dental pulp express Wnt10a, suggesting involvement of Wnt10a in odontoblasts in generation and repair processes. However, little is known about the involvement of Wnt10a in odontoblasts in regenerated pulp tissues. Hayashi et al. transplanted dental pulp, bone marrow, adipose stem cells, or culture supernatants derived from each of them in the ectopic tooth transplantation. As a result, we have succeeded in regenerating dental pulp tissue that expresses the dental pulp marker TRH-DE, regardless of the transplantation. In this study, we used this model to examine morphologically how Wnt10a and odontoblasts change with time in regenerated dental pulp. We then analyzed the dynamics of Wnt10a in dentinal induction in dental pulp stem cells. The results of this study showed an increase in odontoblasts with increased regeneration of dental pulp, and these odontoblasts expressed Wn-t10a. Expression of DSPP increases upon inhibition of expression of DKK1, and induction of dentinal differentiation occurs via expression of Wnt10a in dental pulp regeneration. Therefore, Wnt10a is a candidate as a non-cellular agent for induction of dental pulp regeneration with dentine-inducing capacity.

Interaction of Pulp and Periodontal Ligament in Treatment of Trauma

“…The pulp and periodontal ligament have unique structures in which they are connected only at the periapical foramen or the accessory canal, and are closely involved with each other 28) . We also found in a previous study that the amount of periodontal ligament regeneration increased with the amount of pulp regeneration due to reconstitution of the microenvironment in dental roots, which showed the relationship between these processes 29) . These results suggest the possibility of an interaction between regeneration of pulp and periodontal ligament, and synergistic promotion between these tissues.…”

A Potential Biomarker of Dental Pulp Regeneration: Wnt10a

“…This shows the importance of understanding the dependence of Wnt signaling on spatiotemporal specificity and the changes in vivo interactions caused by the balance and distribution of Wnt ligands and antagonists. Temporally activated canonical Wnt signals may induce regeneration by stem/precursor cells in repair and regeneration of tissues, as seen in growth 8,9) . Regeneration is thought to involve reconstitution of the growth mechanism, and thus control of stem cells and tissue regeneration has been attempted by mimicking canonical Wnt signals 10,11) .…”