Kidney calculi (KC) is considered to be a potential cause of renal cell carcinoma(RCC)due to urinary retention, hydronephrosis, pyelonephritis, and carcinoma of renal pelvis. We searched co-expressed genes in order to explore the relationships between kidney calculi (KC) and renal cell carcinoma(RCC) and reveal potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets of kidney calculi-related renal cell carcinoma.KC-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified via bioinformatic analysis Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets GSE73680 and GSE117518. Simultaneously, RCC-related DEGs were also identified via bioinformatic analysis GEO datasets GSE14994 and GSE40435. Subsequently, co-DEGs of KC-related RCC were found, and extensive target prediction and network analyses methods were used to assess protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks, Gene Ontology (GO) terms and pathway enrichment for DEGs, and co-expressed DEGs coupled with corresponding predicted miRNAs involved in KC and RCC were assessed as well.We identified 832 DEGs in KC and RCC samples. The co-DEGs of VIM,DCN,WNK1 and PXDN coupled with corresponding predicted miRNAs, especially miR-181c-5p and miR-181d-5p may be significantly associated with KC-related RCC. The Co-DEGs of VIM,DCN,WNK1 and PXDN link KC and RCC. Finally, the top 5 miRNAs for each Co-DEGs may be potential signaling pathways for KC-relate RCC, especially miR-181c-5p and miR-181d-5p. Therefore, there is an association between KC and RCC and expression of VIM,DCN,WNK1 and PXDN genes may favor KC-related RCC.