Within–and between–population variation for resistance of Daphnia magna to the bacterial endoparasite Pasteuria ramosa

Ebert, Dieter; Zschokke-Rohringer, Christina D.; Carius, Hans Joachim

doi:10.1098/rspb.1998.0549

Cited by 239 publications

(230 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

214

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, some differences between the doses are to be expected. Parasite virulence is dependent upon the density of parasites infecting a host in Metarhizium (Milner and Prior 1994;Vestergaard et al 1995;Hughes et al 2002), as well as in many other parasites (Anderson and May 1982;Ebert et al 2000). The outcome of the parasite virulence versus host resistance interaction will therefore depend upon the density of the parasite to which the host is exposed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The key assumption for the genetic diversity/disease resistance hypothesis is therefore met in two polyandrous and one monoandrous social insect species. Giv- en that genetic variation for disease resistance is also common among other taxa (Ebert et al 1998;Little and Ebert 1999Carius et al 2001;Kover and Schaal 2002), it seems likely that it may be the case for many other social insects as well. Interestingly, the nature of the variation in resistance depended on the dose of parasite to which individuals were exposed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The impact of a parasite upon such a group may be reduced if a group is made up of multiple genotypes, and if these genotypes vary in their resistance to a parasite. Genetic variation for resistance to parasites has been found in many nonsocial organ-isms (Ebert et al 1998;Carius et al 2001;Little and Ebert 1999Kover and Schaal 2002), and has recently been demonstrated in bumblebees and honeybees (Baer and Schmid-Hempel 2003;Palmer and Oldroyd 2003). Although the mechanism in these latter cases is not yet known, the cellular immune response in insects can vary between genotypes (Carlton et al 1992;Cotter and Wilson 2002).…”

Section: Acromyrmex and Pogonomyrmex])mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Genetic Diversity and Disease Resistance in Leaf-Cutting Ant Societies

Hughes

Boomsma

2004

Evol

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract.•Multiple mating by females (polyandry) remains hard to explain because, while it has substantial costs, clear benefits have remained elusive. The problem is acute in the social insects because polyandry is probably particularly costly for females and most material benefits of the behavior are unlikely to apply. It has been suggested that a fitness benefit may arise from the more genetically diverse worker force that a polyandrous queen will produce. One leading hypothesis is that the increased genetic diversity of workers will improve a colony's resistance to disease. We investigated this hypothesis using a polyandrous leaf-cutting ant and a virulent fungal parasite as our model system. At high doses of the parasite most patrilines within colonies were similarly susceptible, but a few showed greater resistance. At a low dose of the parasite there was more variation between patrilines in their resistance to the parasite. Such genetic variation is a key prerequisite for polyandry to result in increased disease resistance of colonies. The relatedness of two hosts did not appear to affect the transmission of the parasite between them, but this was most likely because the parasite tested was a virulent generalist that is adapted to transmit between distantly related hosts. The resistance to the parasite was compared between small groups of ants of either high or low genetic diversity. No difference was found at high doses of the parasite, but a significant improvement in resistance in high genetic diversity groups was found at a low dose of the parasite. That there is genetic variation for disease resistance means that there is the potential for polyandry to produce more disease-resistant colonies. That this genetic variation can improve the resistance of groups even under the limited conditions tested suggests that polyandry may indeed produce colonies with improved resistance to disease.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Acromyrmex and Pogonomyrmex])mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Genetic Diversity and Disease Resistance in Leaf-Cutting Ant Societies

Hughes

Boomsma

2004

Evol

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The cross to obtain F1 was performed by placing multiple individuals from both parent clones together in 400-ml beakers filled with artificial medium (ADaM, Ebert et al, 1998). Beakers were filled to 90% of their maximum capacity unless otherwise stated.…”

Section: Host Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance to a bacterial parasite in the crustacean Daphnia magna shows Mendelian segregation with dominance

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The influence of host and parasite genetic background on infection outcome is a topic of great interest because of its pertinence to theoretical issues in evolutionary biology. In the present study, we use a classical genetics approach to examine the mode of inheritance of infection outcome in the crustacean Daphnia magna when exposed to the bacterial parasite Pasteuria ramosa. In contrast to previous studies in this system, we use a clone of P. ramosa, not field isolates, which allows for a more definitive interpretation of results. We test parental, F1, F2, backcross and selfed parental clones (total 284 genotypes) for susceptibility against a clone of P. ramosa using two different methods, infection trials and the recently developed attachment test. We find that D. magna clones reliably exhibit either complete resistance or complete susceptibility to P. ramosa clone C1 and that resistance is dominant, and inherited in a pattern consistent with Mendelian segregation of a single-locus with two alleles. The finding of a single host locus controlling susceptibility to P. ramosa suggests that the previously observed genotype-genotype interactions in this system have a simple genetic basis. This has important implications for the outcome of host-parasite coevolution. Our results add to the growing body of evidence that resistance to parasites in invertebrates is mostly coded by one or few loci with dominance.

show abstract

“…Following isolation and prior to the experiment, all clones were kept in the laboratory under standardized conditions. In preparation for the experiment, seven Daphnia clones were stock cultured in 400 ml glass beakers (12 beakers per clone each containing eight individuals) with artificial medium (Klü ttgen et al 1994; modified as per Ebert et al 1998), where they were fed daily with approximately 1.5!10 5 cells ml K1 medium of the chemostat-cultured unicellular algae Scenedesmus gracilis. We used offspring from the third generation of these isofemale lines.…”

Section: (B) Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

A quantitative test of the relationship between parasite dose and infection probability across different host–parasite combinations

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Epidemiological models generally assume that the number of susceptible individuals that become infected within a unit of time depends on the density of the hosts and the concentration of parasites (i.e. mass-action principle). However, empirical studies have found significant deviations from this assumption due to biotic and abiotic factors, such as seasonality, the spatial structure of the host population and host heterogeneity with respect to immunity and susceptibility. In this paper, we examine the effect of the dose level of the bacterial endoparasite Pasteuria ramosa on the infection rate of its host, the water flea Daphnia magna. Using seven host clones and two parasite isolates, we measure the fraction of infected hosts after exposure to eight different parasite doses to determine whether there is variation in the infection process across different host clone-parasite isolate combinations. In five combinations, a pronounced dose-dependent infection pattern was found. Using a likelihood approach, we compare the infection data of these five combinations to the fit of three mathematical models: a mass-action model, a parasite antagonism model (i.e. an increase in the parasite dose leads to an under-proportionate increase in the infection rate per host) and a heterogeneous host model. We found that the host heterogeneity model, in which we assumed the existence of non-inherited phenotypic differences in host susceptibilities to the parasite, provides the best fit. Our analysis suggests that among 5 out of the 14 host clone-parasite isolate combinations that resulted in appreciable infections, non-genetic host heterogeneity plays an important role.

show abstract

Within–and between–population variation for resistance of Daphnia magna to the bacterial endoparasite Pasteuria ramosa

Cited by 239 publications

References 34 publications

Genetic Diversity and Disease Resistance in Leaf-Cutting Ant Societies

Genetic Diversity and Disease Resistance in Leaf-Cutting Ant Societies

Resistance to a bacterial parasite in the crustacean Daphnia magna shows Mendelian segregation with dominance

A quantitative test of the relationship between parasite dose and infection probability across different host–parasite combinations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About