WITHDRAWN: Relationship between NMLR and all-cause mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999–2018

Abstract

Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has one of the highest morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. COPD-related deaths are associated with inflammation and immunity. As one of the emerging indicators of inflammation and immune status, the (neutrophil + monocyte) / lymphocyte ratio (NMLR) may comprehensively reflect the inflammatory and immune status of the body. However, few studies have examined the association between the NMLR and all-cause mortality in patients with COPD. Objective The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between NMLR and all-cause death in patients with COPD. Method Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2018 with mortality follow-up through to December 31, 2019 were analyzed. A total of 2045 participants were evaluated. Patients were divided into two groups based on their median NMLR: patients with an NMLR ≤ 2.57 were assigned to the T1 group (n = 1,026), while patients with an NMLR > 2.57 were assigned to the T2 group (n = 1,019). The relationship between the NMLR and all-cause mortality in patients with COPD was assessed using survival curves based on the NHANES recommended weights. Conclusions The NMLR is a comprehensive assessment index of airway inflammation and patient immune status. A higher NMLR in patients with COPD is associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality.