WITHDRAWN: Piscidin 4, a novel member of the piscidin family of antimicrobial peptides

Importance of Fish Antimicrobial Peptides for Aquaculture and Biomedicine

“…A large number of AMPs have been isolated from a wide number of fish species during last years, among which pleurocidin from winter flounder (Pleuronectes americanus) [2], cathelicidins from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) [3], defensins from zebrafish (Danio rerio) [4], piscidins from hybrid striped bass (white bass, Morone chrysops, female, x striped bass, Morone saxatilis, male) [5], dicentracin from sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) [6], and hepcidin from channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) [7], epinecidin from the grouper (Epinephelus coiodes) [8] (for a review see [9]). The activity of fish AMPs have been tested not only against the more common fish bacterial pathogens [8,10] but either against other pathogens like nervous necrosis virus [11]. Moreover, some AMPs have shown dual functional aspects, like hepcidins that have been indicated to be involved in iron regulation [12].…”