WITHDRAWN: Incidence and outcomes of unexpected pathology findings after appendectomy

A rare case of subacute appendicitis, actinomycosis as the final pathology reports: A case report and literature review

“…Cunningham et al [5], found that only two patients in their series of 4236 samples, had actinomycosis, that represents 0.04%. Alemayehu et al [3], studied 3602 appendicular samples, and only one of them had actinomycosis (0.02%).…”

“…Limaiem et al [6] , reported in a retrospective study of 1627 cases of appendectomy specimens, only one sample had actinomycosis (0.06%). Cunningham et al [5] , found that only two patients in their series of 4236 samples, had actinomycosis, that represents 0.04%. Alemayehu et al [3] , studied 3602 appendicular samples, and only one of them had actinomycosis (0.02%).…”

“…It is reported, that actinomycetes are the etiology of appendicitis in only 0.02%–0.06% [3], [5], [6], having as the final pathology report a chronic inflammatory response. The usual clinical scenario is an indolent course with unspecific symptoms and signs, and less than 10% of the cases are diagnosed before surgery [8], [9], [10].…”

“…Acute appendicitis is the most common indication for an emergency abdominal surgery in the world, with a lifetime incidence of around 10% [1] , [2] . The etiology of acute appendicitis is secondary to appendiceal obstruction, the commonest causes of this obstruction are lymphoid hyperplasia and, fecal stasis with fecaliths [3] , [4] , [5] ; other rare causes have been described such as carcinoid tumor of the appendix, pinworm, eosinophilic appendicitis, granulomas, and actinomycosis among others [3] , [5] , [6] .…”

“…Actinomycosis species are gram-positive bacteria, which are normal commensals of the oral cavity, gastrointestinal, and urogenital tract, but become pathogenic in the presence of necrotic tissue [7] , [8] , [9] . It is reported, that actinomycetes are the etiology of appendicitis in only 0.02%–0.06% [3] , [5] , [6] , having as the final pathology report a chronic inflammatory response. The usual clinical scenario is an indolent course with unspecific symptoms and signs, and less than 10% of the cases are diagnosed before surgery [8] , [9] , [10] .…”