WITHDRAWN: Identification of death-associated protein-like 1 (DAPL1) as a novel prognostic biomarker of breast cancer

Abstract

Background: It is meaningful to identify the potential clinical prognosis-associated oncogenes for cases with breast cancer, considering the complicated pathogenesis of breast cancer.Methods: We first utilized the bioinformatics approach to investigate the role of the DAPL1 (death-associated protein-like 1) in breast cancer, based on the available datasets of TCGA and GEO.Results: DAPL1 is lowly expressed in breast cancer tissues compared with the normal tissues. For the breast cancer cases of the TCGA-BRCA cohort, we observed a correlation between lowly expressed DAPL1 gene and poor clinical prognosis of overall survival ( P =0.0028). Based on the survival data of GEO, the low DAPL1 expression was associated with a poor prognosis of distant metastasis free survival ( P =0.0023), and relapse free survival ( P =0.0065). DAPL1 expression was linked to the mutation status or copy number variation o f several genes, such as MAP3K1 , NUP98 , and CCDC59. The infiltration level of immune cells (e.g., M1 macrophage, Follicular B helper T cells, etc.) may be involved in the etiology of breast cancer. Based on the DAPL1 -correlated genes, GSEA, GO, and KEGG analysis data indicated the association between DAPL1 expression and a series of biological issues, such as DNA packaging complex, DNA repair complex, nucleotide excision repair, ubiquitin-like protein binding, and ubiquitin proteasome pathway. We also identified several DAPL1 -associated phosphorylation kinases, such as MAPK, PRKACA, and GSK3B.Conclusions: DAPL1 gene is first identified as a prognosis biomarker of breast cancer, and the underlying molecular mechanism involves protein phosphorylation, immune cell infiltration, and DNA repair or protein ubiquitin-associated cellular pathways.

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“…Zhang et al noted that DAPL1 is less expressed in breast cancer cells than in other healthy tissues. Low expression of this gene was correlated with poor prognosis of survival in patients with breast cancer [35].…”