WITHDRAWN: Ginkgolide B reduces hepatic lipid accumulation and ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in high-fat diet–induced obese mice

Abstract

Ginkgolide B is isolated from Ginkgo biloba leaves. It has multiple biological functions, including alleviating lung injury and ischemic stroke in mice and protecting pancreatic beta cells and improving endothelial dysfunction in diabetic mice. Here we sought to determine whether ginkgolide B ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NALFD) in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. We also evaluated whether or not ginkgolide B reduces lipid accumulation of hepatocytes in vitro. C57BL/6 mice were fed with HFD and treated with ginkgolide B by intraperitoneal injection twice a week for last 10 weeks of the 14-week HFD feeding period. In addition, HepG2 cells were treated with oleic acid to establish a fatty liver cell model and exposed to various concentrations of ginkgolide B. Ginkgolide B significantly decreased hepatic lipid accumulation and alleviated steatosis in HFD-induced obese mice. It also reduced body weight and epididymal adipose tissue weight. Serum assay results showed that ginkgolide B inhibited leptin, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase levels and increased HDL levels compared to obese mice. It also decreased fatty acid synthase expression and increased Sirt-1 and phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase α in liver tissue. Furthermore, ginkgolide B significantly inhibited lipid accumulation and expression of adipogenesis-related proteins and increased adipolysis-associated protein expression in hepatocytes in vitro. These results suggest that ginkgolide B is an effective natural compound for alleviating hepatic lipid accumulation and reducing body weight in obese mice. It also ameliorated NALFD in HFD-induced obese mice. www.impactjournals.com/oncotarget/

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“…Experimental findings indicated presumed increasing in Nrf2 expression and Nrf2 pathway activation leading to exerting anti-ferroptosis effects, hence ginkgolide B had specific influence on oxidative stress and lipid accumulation induced ferroptosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease through pathway of Nrf2 signaling. Similar conclusions were obtained by Wang et al , [ 81 ] related to ginkgolide B magical efficacy in ameliorating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease for high fat diet induced mice obesity by its prodigious capability in reducing hepatic oxidative stress and lipid accumulation in liver. Camphene …”