WITHDRAWN: Antibiofilm Activity of Polymicrobial Catheters From Bajakah Tampala Plant (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk) Against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans

Abstract

Introduction: The part of the nanomaterials or secondary compounds in the Bajakah Tampala plant has an important influence on humans. Significantly, in its use as a solution to problems that often occur in health. Biofilm growth on catheters is associated with urinary tract nosocomial infections and causes an increase in mortality every year worldwide. Urinary catheters are a significant factor in CAUTI, with 70 to 80% of infections currently attributable to biofilms. Bajakah Tampala is a native plant of Kalimantan, which has antibacterial activity, but no one has reported its antibiofilm activity. Methods: The effectiveness of the Bajakah Tampala antibiofilm against polymicrobial biofilms was analyzed by calculating the minimum biofilm inhibitor concentration (MBIC50) and the minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC50). Results: Flavonoid, alkaloids, and terpenoids compounds are nanomaterials that play an essential role in Bajakah Tampala, where the ethanol extract of Bajakah Tampala has antibacterial and antifungal activity. The ethanol extract of Bajakah Tampala also had antibiofilm activity against mono-species S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans in the middle phase (24 hours). It exerted activity against polymicrobial biofilms on the catheter in the middle (24 hours) and maturation phases (48 hours). The results also provide evidence that Bajakah Tampala ethanol extract can eradicate polymicrobial biofilms on catheters. Conclusions: Therefore, Bajakah Tampala can be developed as a candidate for a new antibiofilm agent against polymicrobial biofilms with a nanoparticle approach.