Withdrawal strength of threaded steel rods glued with epoxy in wood

Otero-Chans, Dolores; Estévez-Cimadevila, Javier; Gutiérrez, Emilio Martín

doi:10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2013.02.008

Cited by 36 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Still, the compatibility of these materials with adhesives used must be sufficient. The surface roughness, joints geometry and glue line thickness are important parameters that greatly affect the mechanical performance of the joint (Azinović et al 2018;Budhe et al 2015;Chans et al 2013;Peng and Zhang 2018). The selection of an appropriate surface modification to increase the effectiveness of a joint depends on the material to be bonded and the bonding asset (Da Ponte et al 2015;Williams et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of strength of adhesive bond between wood and metal using atmospheric plasma treatment

et al. 2020

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Combinations of wood and metal are interesting hybrid composite materials, joining together the low density of wood with the stiffness and strength of metals. Different types of adhesives are used to connect wood and metal elements, but the compatibility between adhesives used and load-bearing materials must be sufficient, which often is challenging. In adhesive bonding technology, surface treatments are a crucial step in the process. In this study, an atmospheric plasma discharge was employed to enhance the adhesion strength of joints between common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) wood, metals (steel and aluminum alloy), and four different types of adhesives. The optical properties of plasma discharges and its influence on treated substrates' surface morphology depended on the inherent properties of the treated materials. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the surface oxidation of all the materials after plasma treatment. Consequently, the surface free energy of all materials increased as well. The positive effect of the plasma treatment on the tensile shear strength of single-lap joints shows a high potential of atmospheric plasma treatment technology for enhancement of adhesives strength of joints combining wooden elements, wood and steel, or wood and aluminum alloys. In addition to that, expensive epoxy and polyurethane adhesives could be replaced by more affordable polyvinyl acetate and melamine-ureaformaldehyde adhesives, and still perform at equal levels if the plasma was applied prior to bonding.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of strength of adhesive bond between wood and metal using atmospheric plasma treatment

et al. 2020

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“…Studies have proved that, in standard environmental conditions, the resistant capacity of the joint increases when the gluing area increases as well, both by an increase of the hole diameter or the increase of the anchorage length. However, the relation between the gluing area and the resistant capacity is not linear, so it is strongly influenced by the slenderness of the joint [2,[14][15][16][17][18]. Literature agrees that the gluing area defines the resistance of the joint but there is still no final agreement regarding the quantification of that influence [2,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Literature agrees that the gluing area defines the resistance of the joint but there is still no final agreement regarding the quantification of that influence [2,19]. This becomes clear in the lack of a common European legislation that includes a clear regulation about the use and dimensioning of this kind of joints, in spite of the fact that numerous dimensioning formulas of experimental [2,15,16,18] or analytical basis [7,[20][21][22] have been postulated. Although since the 90s several proposals of design rules for implementation in EC5 have been made, only a few European countries have a calculation model in their national standards, highlighting the one proposed by the German DIN rule as the most used design method [1,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joints with bars glued-in softwood laminated timber subjected to climatic cycles

Otero-Chans

Estévez-Cimadevila

Gutiérrez

2018

International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives

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The effect of climatic cycles (extreme temperatures and humidity) on the performance of joints made with threaded steel rods glued by two-component epoxy adhesive in softwood glulam timber is studied. Short-term tests have been made on three types of specimens: standard condition specimens (20 °C/65%RH), specimens subjected to extreme temperature and humidity during its storage in climatic chamber in service load situation, and specimens in similar unloaded situation. The load capacity, the failure modes and the load-deflection curves have been compared for the different types of specimens. The obtained results do not show a clear influence of the previous exposition to extreme climatic situations in the strength of the joint. On the contrary, the stiffness of the joints, especially those with longer anchorage length, has been reduced up to 35% in the specimens that were previously subjected to climatic changes, both unloaded and in load service situation.

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“…This solution brings two interesting advantages: (i) It is very easy to implement since the anchor can be fixed by injecting epoxy adhesive or adhesive with a polyurethane base in a short length, because the force to be anchored is of a very low magnitude, as will be demonstrated further. This means that, in all analyzed cases, and according to the studies we carried out on anchors with adhesive, an adhered length of no more than 150 mm would be more than sufficient [25]. (ii) It allows for tensioning force of different magnitude in the two halves of the piece.…”

Section: Performance Of the System Under Asymmetrical Loadsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…From this point, the force depends on the magnitude of the variable action and on the hypothesis considered. Note that even in the unfavorable situation corresponding to F4 and (C1) and (C3) hypotheses, the load that we need to anchor would be 71.02 kN, a value that is reached with an epoxy adhesive connection of approximately 150 mm [25].…”

Section: Performance Of the System Under Asymmetrical Loadsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Span Wooden Structural Floors with Self-Tensioning System: Performance under Asymmetrical Loads

Estévez-Cimadevila

Otero-Chans

Gutiérrez

et al. 2016

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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This study analyzes the performance of wooden structural floors equipped with the self-tensioning system patented by the authors, consisting of a force multiplying mechanism connected to a self-tensioning tendon, which is activated automatically when the load is applied to the structural element. The paper describes the system’s difficulties when the structural floor is subjected to asymmetrical loads. The proposed solution consists of anchoring the tendon by an adhesive connection in the central part of the piece yielding a favorable redistribution of the bending moments and an effective performance in terms of deformations. The comparative study focuses onπ-shape cross section pieces with spans of 12 m and 15 m, using sections without prestressing and with initial prestressing and self-tensioning system.

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Withdrawal strength of threaded steel rods glued with epoxy in wood

Cited by 36 publications

References 11 publications

Enhancement of strength of adhesive bond between wood and metal using atmospheric plasma treatment

Enhancement of strength of adhesive bond between wood and metal using atmospheric plasma treatment

Joints with bars glued-in softwood laminated timber subjected to climatic cycles

Long-Span Wooden Structural Floors with Self-Tensioning System: Performance under Asymmetrical Loads

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