With Broadax and Firebrand: The Destruction of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest.

Dean, Warren

doi:10.2307/2169624

Cited by 82 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Portuguese seaborne networks constituted new pathways for the global redistribution of plants, animals, and pathogens alike (Carney & Rosomoff, 2009; Russel‐Wood, 1992). Colonialism meanwhile propelled the combined processes of disease transmission (Alden & Miller, 1987; Metcalf, 2005) and landscape transformation (Dean, 1987, 1995; Faria, 2009; Miller, 2000) simultaneously across multiple sites of colonial settlement. But with few exceptions, scholarship has yet to offer an interpretive synthesis of environmental and epidemiological transformations as interrelated, synergistic phenomena in a single colonial setting, or to systematically explore possible linkages between such ecosystemic transformations as they unfolded in ostensibly disparate and disconnected theaters of colonialism (Direito, 2020; Anderson & Dunk, 2022 are highly suggestive on this score).…”

Section: Global Health Pathogen Histories and Ecosystemic Transformat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

From colonialism to global health: Frameworks for the history of medicine in Portugal's empire

Cagle

2023

History Compass

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Portugal's empire brought together peoples and pathogens, along with wide‐ranging forms of medical expertise and curative practice, into multiethnic and polyglot colonial settlements around the globe. Many aspects of Portuguese imperial policy and much of the work of colonial institutions were fundamentally linked to the challenges of disease, population loss, and the preservation of health. Only in the last half‐century have these dynamics become an area of intensive archival research. The present essay surveys major developments in the history of medicine in Portugal's empire. It links historiographical shifts to the intellectual currents that accompanied colonialism, decolonization, postcolonialism, and the emergence of global health—identifying key interventions and noting significant opportunities for future research.

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Section: Global Health Pathogen Histories and Ecosystemic Transformat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

From colonialism to global health: Frameworks for the history of medicine in Portugal's empire

Cagle

2023

History Compass

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“…Furthermore, the history of forest conversion in Brazil is spatially uneven (Leite et al, 2012). The Atlantic Forest was one of the first areas to be converted, mostly because it is situated in the coastal region, providing easy access to European settlers (Dean, 1997). Whereas the Cerrado was exploited more intensively in the expansion and internalization of the Brazilian population promoted by President Getulio Vargas in the 1950s (Oliveira & Marquis, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest conversion into pasture selects dung beetle traits at different biological scales depending on species pool composition

Pessôa

Amaral

Júnior

et al. 2023

Ecology and Evolution

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The conversion of forests into open areas has large effects on the diversity and structure of native communities. The intensity of these effects may vary between regions, depending on the existence of native species adapted to open habitats in the regional pool or the time since habitat change. We assess the differences in species richness and functional diversity of dung beetle communities (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) between native forests and novel pasturelands of the Atlantic Forest and the Cerrado, two biomes with contrasting histories of human occupation in Brazil. We conducted standardized surveys in seven forest fragments and adjacent pastures in each region and measured 14 traits in individuals collected in each type of habitat at each particular site. We calculated functional richness, functional evenness, functional divergence, and community‐weighted mean of traits for each area, and analyzed individual variation through nested variance decomposition and Trait Statistics. Communities were richer and more numerous at the Cerrado. We did not find any consistent relationship between functional diversity and forest conversion beyond the changes in species diversity. Although landscape changes were more recent at the Cerrado, the colonization of the new habitat by native species already adapted to open habitats lessens the functional loss in this biome. This indicates that habitat change's effects on trait diversity depend on the regional species pool rather than on time since land conversion. Forest conversion effects were primarily due to internal filtering. The effects of external filtering only appear at the intraspecific variance level, with contrasting differences between the Cerrado, where traits related to relocation behavior and size are selected, and the Atlantic Forest, where selection operates for traits related to relocation behavior and flight. These results evidence the importance of considering individual variance to address the responses of dung beetle communities to forest conversion.

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“…As early as the mid-18th century, intellectual elites in colonial Brazil were already expressing increasing concern regarding the adverse environmental impacts of colonial economies, especially deforestation (Pádua, 2000). Similarly, in his seminal work the Destruction of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, Dean discussed the persistent human impact on plants and animals in extensive regions of the Atlantic Forest since, at least, the European colonisation (Dean, 1997). Others have shown that colonial and post-colonial fisheries were also capable of overexploiting local organisms, causing a noticeable decline in fish and coral populations (Fogliarini et al, 2022;Sandoval Gallardo et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Perspective on Fishing and Mammal Defaunation in the Atlantic Forest Coast of Brazil Using Archaeological Faunal Remains

Fossile,

McGrath,

Presslee

et al. 2023

Tropical Conservation Science

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Background and research aim: Escalating anthropogenic threats to the Atlantic Forest, a renowned biodiversity hotspot, has placed the region in the spotlight for current conservation efforts. Faunal overexploitation and habitat degradation are among key factors driving the region’s recent declines in faunal populations and biodiversity. Assessing the scale of these impacts is complicated by the near-complete absence of historical reference baselines. Methodology: Here, we provide a contribution to bridge this knowledge gap by analysing faunal remains from two historical archaeological sites, Morro Grande 1 (MG1) and Praia Grande Unidade 21 (PG-U21), in Babitonga Bay (Santa Catarina state, Brazil) dated between 1750 to 1950 AD. Results: Our results revealed that fishing and hunting played a crucial role in household consumption and economic livelihoods during the European colonisation of southern Brazil. Native terrestrial mammals made up a significant proportion of faunal remains at both sites. This suggests that species currently undergoing population declines were exploited in the region for at least the past two centuries. Conclusion: This study provides compelling evidence that the selective hunting of medium- and large-bodied native terrestrial mammals has persisted in the region for over 4500 years, and requires us to reconsider the idea of a heavy reliance on domestic animals during early European colonisation of southern Brazil. Our study thus traces the causes of regional terrestrial mammal defaunation back to the Pre-colonial and Historical times. Implication for conservation: We recommend the integration of historical and archaeological data into modern faunal population assessments and conservation initiatives to set more informed reference baselines.

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With Broadax and Firebrand: The Destruction of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest.

Cited by 82 publications

References 0 publications

From colonialism to global health: Frameworks for the history of medicine in Portugal's empire

From colonialism to global health: Frameworks for the history of medicine in Portugal's empire

Forest conversion into pasture selects dung beetle traits at different biological scales depending on species pool composition

Long-Term Perspective on Fishing and Mammal Defaunation in the Atlantic Forest Coast of Brazil Using Archaeological Faunal Remains

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