Witches’ broom and normal crown clones from the same trees of Pinus sibirica: a comparative morphological study

Zhuk, Evgeniya; Vasilyeva, Galina; Горошкевич, С. Н.

doi:10.1007/s00468-015-1187-2

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The mutant clones with the smallest cones had the smallest number of scales. It is possible that the cone size and the specific cone structure with large portion of sterile scales are related to the specific WB crown structure [5]. Large portion of unpollinated ovules could be caused by abnormal density of WB crown and associated pollination problems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mutational WB is a major source of the majority of ornamental dwarf conifer cultivars [4]. To date, certain patterns in the morphological traits variability of WB clones were revealed [5]. Although the seed progeny involvement in breeding process has great importance, the information concerning the variability of cone structure and seed efficiency in mutant clones is scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cone quality and seed efficiency in the clones from mutational witches brooms ofPinus sibirica

2018

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Mutational witches' broom is a fragment of the tree crown with abnormal morphogenesis including slow shoot growth, abundant branching and decreased apical dominance which caused by somatic mutation that presumably originates in the apical meristem bud. To study the variability in the cone quality and seed efficiency in witches' broom clones of Pinus sibirica, the cone size and structure were assessed in 21 mutant clones. The mutant clones were significantly differentiated both by the cone traits and seed quality. Their cone size varied from less than 3 to 4 cm. The clones had large number of sterile scales in proximal and distal cone parts, and from 16 to 39 fertile scales per cone. Cones from all mutant clones were inferior to average normal cones of the species. Six clones had large portion of filled seeds, more than 70%, and the other clones had less than 50% of filled seeds. The clones had 10-33% of empty seeds and 1-73% of seeds with collapsed megagametophyte per cone. In general, the seed quality in mutants was quite low, but individual clones had almost normal seed quality, and their seed efficiency was within the species norm.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cone quality and seed efficiency in the clones from mutational witches brooms ofPinus sibirica

2018

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“…Dominant inheritance has been assumed also with other deviant morphological tree phenotypes with possible fitness effects. For example, dominant genetic factor causes witches broom in Pinus sibirica, a mutant phenotype that shows decreased apical dominance, reduced shoot and needle length, male sterility and increased branching and female cone bearing (Zhuk et al 2015).…”

Section: R a F Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simple inheritance of a complex trait: figured wood in curly birch is caused by one semi-dominant and lethal Mendelian factor?

et al. 2017

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Even though individuals with a deviant morphology have been elemental in genetics of model species, they have thus far been largely ignored in the studies of forest trees. Here we studied the inheritance of curly-grained and brown-figured wood phenotype in curly birch (Betula pendula var. carelica (Mercklin) Hämet-Ahti). In addition of the figured wood, curly birches display reduced and aberrant growth, indicating that the causative locus (loci) is (are) vital for normal tree development. To explore the genetic basis of this mutation, we studied the inheritance of the curly birch phenotype in a progeny trial (crosses between curly birch parent trees, between curly and normal phenotypes, and from selfings of curly trees). Based on the external morphology, the phenotypes of 11-year-old progeny trees were scored as either curly or wild. Based on the phenotypic segregation ratios, we postulate a simple Mendelian inheritance model for curliness: (i) a one-locus, two-allele model in which the allele coding for curly phenotype is dominant over the allele coding for normal phenotype and (ii) the semi-dominant curly allele is lethal when homozygous. We expect that further studies on the molecular genetic basis of the curly birch phenotype will provide valuable information on the developmental pathways involved in wood formation.

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“…Несмотря на широкое использование «ведьминых мётел» в селекции, до сих пор мало известно о природе их мутации. Предполагается, что данная мутация имеет сложную генетическую природу, для неё характерно как качественное, так и количественное выражение разных признаков -она может быть слабая, средняя или сильная, что будет отражаться на интенсивности ветвления и ряде других морфологических признаков (Zhuk et al, 2015). Деревья Pinus sylvestris с «ведьмиными мётлами» имеют кариологические особенности и цитологические нарушения (Sedel'nikova, Muratova, 2001).…”

Section: морфологические особенности пыльцы «ведьминых мётел»unclassified

“…1). Развитие «ведьминых мётел» может быть обусловлено разными причинами: 1) инвазией растения паразитарными агентами: грибами, фитоплазмами, вирусами (Zach, 1911;Bos, 1960;Kaminska et al, 2001; Kuz'michev et al, 2001), 2) соматической мутацией (Liese, 1933;Fordham, 1967;Johnson et al, 1968;Yamburov, 2010;Zhuk et al, 2015;Kandratau, Torchik, 2016). Мутационные «ведьмины мётлы» формируются при возникновении мутации…”

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Морфологические особенности пыльцы «ведьминых мётел» мутационного типа у сосны обыкновенной (Pinus sylvestris L.)

Yamburov¹,

Romanova²,

Prokopyev³

2017

Ukr J Ecol

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The comparative study results of pollen morphology of the mutational witches' brooms and the normal part of the tree crown in Scots pine are presented. There is a decrease of pollen grains size, especially the sacci, in witches' brooms. The witches' brooms with more intensive branching have more expressive changes. Also, the witches' brooms have more abnormal pollen grains. The data on the occurrence about 10 anomalous morphotypes of pollen grains are reported, most of that are related to the abnormal development of succi: different size of sacci, deformed sacci, reduced sacci, fused sacci, additional sacci, compress sacci, lack of one or both sacci. A high percentage of anomalies in the sacci development may be associated with less developed reticular sculpture of ectexine in witches' brooms pollen. Представлены результаты сравнительного исследования морфологии пыльцы мутационных «ведьминых мётел» и нормальной части кроны сосны обыкновенной. У «ведьминых мётел» происходит уменьшение размеров пыльцевых зёрен и особенно воздушных мешков. Изменения сильнее выражены у «ведьминых мётел» с более интенсивным ветвлением. Также у «ведьминых мётел» большее количество аномальных пыльцевых зерен. Приведены данные о встречаемости 10 аномальных морфотипов пыльцевых зёрен, большая часть которых связана с ненормальным развитием воздушных мешков: разноразмерные мешки, деформированные мешки, редуцированные мешки, сросшиеся мешки, дополнительные мешки, сжатые (смятые) мешки, отсутствие одного или нескольких мешков. Высокий процент аномалий развития воздушных мешков пыльцы «ведьминой метлы» может быть связан с менее развитой сетчатой скульптурой эктэкзины.Ключевые слова: Pinus sylvestris; Pinaceae; мутационные «ведьмины мётлы»; морфология пыльцы; морфотипы; тератоморфная пыльца Введение «Ведьминой метлой» называют локальный фрагмент кроны дерева с интенсивным ветвлением, отличающийся от нормальной части кроны (рис. 1). Развитие «ведьминых мётел» может быть обусловлено разными причинами: 1) инвазией растения паразитарными агентами:

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Witches’ broom and normal crown clones from the same trees of Pinus sibirica: a comparative morphological study

Cited by 11 publications

References 29 publications

Cone quality and seed efficiency in the clones from mutational witches brooms ofPinus sibirica

Cone quality and seed efficiency in the clones from mutational witches brooms ofPinus sibirica

Simple inheritance of a complex trait: figured wood in curly birch is caused by one semi-dominant and lethal Mendelian factor?

Морфологические особенности пыльцы «ведьминых мётел» мутационного типа у сосны обыкновенной (Pinus sylvestris L.)

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