Wishes and needs of nursing home residents and their relatives regarding end‐of‐life decision‐making and care planning—A qualitative study

Abstract

Aims and Objectives To explore wishes and needs, such as existing and preferred communication processes, of residents and relatives regarding medical and nursing planning at the end of life. Background Nursing home residents are a relevant target group for advance care planning (ACP) due to their high age and multimorbidity. Their relatives seem to be important partners in terms of communication and their documentation of wishes and needs. Design A qualitative descriptive design was used. Methods Thirty‐two guideline‐based interviews with nursing home residents (n = 24) and relatives (n = 8) were conducted in nursing homes in Germany (n = 7). All interviews were analysed by content‐structured content analysis. The COREQ checklist was used to document reporting of the study. Results Residents particularly express wishes and needs regarding their health, like the desire to maintain or improve one's current state of health and to be active and mobile and also regarding their social situation, for example the well‐being of relatives and beloved ones. A limited group of people was identified with whom residents spoke about issues such as preparedness and self‐determination. These were mainly their relatives. Relatives themselves have a need for more communication. Various communication barriers could be identified. Conclusion Residents express diverse and partly explicit wishes and needs. Although many of the respondents had already drafted advanced directives, the demand for offers of communication to plan ahead for the end of life remains clear. The results indicate the unconditional participation of relatives and people close to the residents, if they are available. Relevance to clinical practice Derivations for a target group‐related ACP concept in the study region are identified. Besides the involvement of relatives, nurses could also be involved in the communication and decision‐making process of residents in nursing homes under certain conditions.

A Situation-Specific Theory of End-of-Life Communication in Nursing Homes

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