WISE-2005: effect of aerobic and resistive exercises on orthostatic tolerance during 60 days bed rest in women

Guinet, P; Schneider, Suzanne; Macias, Brandon R.; Watenpaugh, Donald E.; Hughson, R. L.; Traon, Anne Pavy-Le; Bansard, Jean‐Yves; Hargens, Alan R.

doi:10.1007/s00421-009-1009-6

Cited by 55 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…However, other data sets for different experiments conducted on these same women found significant reductions in SV in the CON group (16,19) as well as evidence of reduced left ventricular volume and mass in the CON group and a significant increase in mass for the EX group (15). In combination with these results, reductions in total blood volume of Ϫ9% for CON and Ϫ4% for EX (19) probably contributed to the elevation in HR required to maintain cardiac output in the CON group as observed in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Participants were recreationally active with an average height of 164.3 Ϯ 6.2 cm and weight of 58.2 Ϯ 5.0 kg. Maximal oxygen uptake data have been previously presented (19,37) with averages of 38.9 Ϯ 6.8 and 37.9 Ϯ 4.0 ml·min Ϫ1 ·kg Ϫ1 for CON and EX, respectively. One participant in the CON group did not complete the NG testing post-HDBR and was excluded from all analysis.…”

Section: Wise-2005mentioning

confidence: 99%

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WISE 2005: responses of women to sublingual nitroglycerin before and after 56 days of 6° head-down bed rest

Zuj

Edgell

Shoemaker

et al. 2012

Journal of Applied Physiology

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2012.-This study tested the hypothesis that cardiovascular effects of sublingual nitroglycerin (NG) would be exaggerated after 56 days of 6°head-down bed rest (HDBR) in women, and that an aerobic and resistive exercise countermeasure (EX, n ϭ 8) would reduce the effect compared with HDBR without exercise (CON, n ϭ 7). Middle cerebral artery maximal blood flow velocity (CBFV), cardiac stroke volume (SV), and superficial femoral artery blood flow (Doppler ultrasound) were recorded at baseline rest and for 5 min following 0.3 mg sublingual NG. Post-HDBR, NG caused greater increases in heart rate (HR) in CON compared with EX (ϩ24.9 Ϯ 7.7 and ϩ18.8 Ϯ 6.6 beats/min, respectively, P Ͻ 0.0001). The increase in HR combined with reductions in SV to maintain cardiac output. Systolic, mean, and pulse pressures were reduced 5-10 mmHg by NG, but total peripheral resistance was only slightly reduced at 3 min after NG. Reductions in CBFV of Ϫ12.5 Ϯ 3.8 cm/s were seen after NG, but a reduction in the Doppler resistance index suggested dilation of the middle cerebral artery with no differences after HDBR. The femoral artery dilated with NG and blood flow was reduced ϳ50% with the appearance of large negative waves suggesting a marked increase in downstream resistance, but there were no effects of HDBR. In general, responses of women to NG were not altered by HDBR; the greater increase in HR in CON but not EX was probably a consequence of cardiovascular deconditioning. These results contrast with the hypothesis and a previous investigation of men after HDBR by revealing no change in cardiovascular responses to exogenous nitric oxide. blood pressure; cerebral blood flow; Doppler ultrasound; nitroglycerin; hemodynamics; head-down bed rest; Women's International Simulation for Space Exploration-2005 Study THE VASODILATORY ACTIONS of nitric oxide (NO) work in conjunction with sympathetic vasoconstrictor activity and other vasoactive hormones in the regulation of blood pressure and blood flow (13,24). Acute alterations in NO effects on blood vessels have been noted under conditions that simulate spaceflight in animals (31, 36, 41, 44) and humans (5,7,30,34,35). These results suggest that alterations in hemodynamic responses with exposure to real or simulated microgravity may be due to changes in NO-mediated mechanisms.Animal models of simulated microgravity have shown elevated nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity increasing NO production that could dilate peripheral vessels and reduce vascular responsiveness to norepinephrine (36,41). In contrast, cerebral arteries of hindlimb-suspended rats show reduced endothelial NOS (eNOS) protein (44) and reduced middle cerebral artery endothelium-dependent dilation (31). These results from animal studies point toward potential regional differences in hemodynamic responses to NO after simulated microgravity, a topic that has not been studied in humans.Focusing on isolated regions, studies involving humans suggest changes in the NO system after simulated microgravity. Expression of NOS isoforms in ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Wise-2005mentioning

confidence: 99%

WISE 2005: responses of women to sublingual nitroglycerin before and after 56 days of 6° head-down bed rest

Zuj

Edgell

Shoemaker

et al. 2012

Journal of Applied Physiology

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“…The data analyzed in this study are a subset of data collected during the Women's International Space Simulation for Exploration (WISE-2005) study described in detail elsewhere (3,10,15,19,42). The subset consisted of seven healthy women (age 33 Ϯ 1 yr, height 165 Ϯ 4 cm, weight 59 Ϯ 3 kg) selected from the original 24 subjects based on 1) not being assigned to the exercise countermeasure group, and 2) data quality.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tachycardia and lower values of PP (Table 1) suggested volemia reduction as it is commonly observed in HDBR (15,22). Although no significant variations were found in the mean values of ABP indices when the same epochs of the protocol from PRE and HDBR were compared (Table 1), this should not exclude the possibility that CVD occurred, as mean values are not representative of dynamic adaptations of control systems.…”

Section: Arterial Vs Cardiopulmonary Baroreflex Control During Mild mentioning

confidence: 96%

Short-term variability of blood pressure: effects of lower-body negative pressure and long-duration bed rest

Aletti

Ferrario

et al. 2012

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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(LBNP) has been utilized to selectively unload cardiopulmonary baroreceptors, but there is evidence that arterial baroreceptors can be transiently unloaded after the onset of mild LBNP. In this paper, a black box mathematical model for the prediction of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) variability from multiple inputs (systolic blood pressure, R-R interval duration, and central venous pressure) was applied to interpret the dynamics of blood pressure maintenance under the challenge of LBNP and in long-duration, headdown bed rest (HDBR). Hemodynamic recordings from seven participants in the WISE (Women's International Space Simulation for Exploration) Study collected during an experiment of incremental LBNP (Ϫ10 mmHg, Ϫ20 mmHg, Ϫ30 mmHg) were analyzed before and on day 50 of a 60-day-long HDBR campaign. Autoregressive spectral analysis focused on low-frequency (LF, ϳ0.1 Hz) oscillations of DBP, which are related to fluctuations in vascular resistance due to sympathetic and baroreflex regulation of vasomotor tone. The arterial baroreflex-related component explained 49 Ϯ 13% of LF variability of DBP in spontaneous conditions, and 89 Ϯ 9% (P Ͻ 0.05) on day 50 of HDBR, while the cardiopulmonary baroreflex component explained 17 Ϯ 9% and 12 Ϯ 4%, respectively. The arterial baroreflexrelated variability was significantly increased in bed rest also for LBNP equal to Ϫ20 and Ϫ30 mmHg. The proposed technique provided a model interpretation of the proportional effect of arterial baroreflex vs. cardiopulmonary baroreflex-mediated components of blood pressure control and showed that arterial baroreflex was the main player in the mediation of DBP variability. Data during bed rest suggested that cardiopulmonary baroreflex-related effects are blunted and that blood pressure maintenance in the presence of an orthostatic stimulus relies mostly on arterial control. arterial blood pressure; variability; baroreflex; lower body negative pressure; bed rest MILD OR NONHYPOTENSIVE LOWER body negative pressure (LBNP; Ϫ20 mmHg Ͻ LBNP Ͻ 0 mmHg) has been used to selectively unload cardiopulmonary baroreceptors (25,44,46,50). However, straightforward observations of the time course of mean arterial pressure (MAP) following rapid onset of mild LBNP (17, 18) evidenced a transient decrease followed by a recovery of pre-LBNP onset values, suggesting that arterial baroreceptors are affected by mild LBNP as well. More detailed analyses of such transient decreases of MAP in LBNP (13) showed that also systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) fall and are restored within ϳ15 heart beats, confirming a direct involvement of arterial baroreflex, consistently with previous reports (23,35,45). However, to our knowledge, the quantification of the relative dynamic contribution of arterial and cardiopulmonary baroreflex has not been addressed yet. Fu et al. (13) concluded that arterial baroreflex is engaged and unloaded by mild LBNP, but they could not determine the proportional influence of cardiopulmonary vs. arterial baroreflex on t...

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“…Several countermeasures were developed and tested against this orthostatic intolerance. Although aerobic exercise (24) and lower-body negative pressure (23) appear to be beneficial against orthostatic intolerance (however, not fully prevented), resistive exercise alone showed only slight effects or even no effects (3). Whole body vibration has been proposed as a countermeasure to prevent muscle and bone deconditioning induced by bed rest and an environment of weightlessness (2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-magnitude whole body vibration with resistive exercise as a countermeasure against cardiovascular deconditioning after 60 days of head-down bed rest

Coupé

Yuan

Demiot³

et al. 2011

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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YH. Low-magnitude whole body vibration with resistive exercise as a countermeasure against cardiovascular deconditioning after 60 days of head-down bed rest. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 301: R1748 -R1754, 2011. First published September 7, 2011 doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00234.2011.-Whole body vibration with resistive exercise is a promising countermeasure against some weightlessness-induced dysfunctions. Our objective was to study whether the combination of low-magnitude whole body vibration with a resistive exercise can prevent the cardiovascular deconditioning induced by a nonstrict 60-day head-down bed rest (Earth Star International Bed Rest Experiment Project). Fourteen healthy men participated in this study. We recorded electrocardiograms and blood pressure waves by means of a noninvasive beat-by-beat measurement system (Cardiospace, integrated by Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales and Astronaut Center of China) during an orthostatic test (20 min of 75-degree head-up tilt test) before and immediately after bed rest. We estimated heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac output, stroke volume, total peripheral resistance, baroreflex sensitivity, and heart rate variability. Low-magnitude whole body vibration with resistive exercise prevented an increase of the sympathetic index (reflecting the sympathovagal balance of cardiac autonomic control) and limited the decrease of the spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity induced by 60 days of head-down bed rest. However, this countermeasure had very little effect on cardiac hemodynamics and did not improve the orthostatic tolerance. This combined countermeasure did not efficiently prevent orthostatic intolerance but prevents changes in the autonomic nervous system associated with cardiovascular deconditioning. The underlying mechanisms remain hypothetical but might involve cutaneous and muscular mechanoreceptors. autonomic nervous system; cardiovascular deconditioning; baroreflex; hemodynamic; head-up tilt test DAILY GRAVITATIONAL STRESS is necessary to maintain the cardiovascular system in a healthy state. Orthostatic challenge induces cardiac, hormonal, autonomic, macrocirculatory, and microcirculatory responses. A chronic decrease in the gravitational stress (i.e., bed rest or a weightlessness environment) impairs the cardiovascular system with a deconditioning syndrome leading to orthostatic intolerance (9). Several countermeasures were developed and tested against this orthostatic intolerance. Although aerobic exercise (24) and lower-body negative pressure (23) appear to be beneficial against orthostatic intolerance (however, not fully prevented), resistive exercise alone showed only slight effects or even no effects (3). Whole body vibration has been proposed as a countermeasure to prevent muscle and bone deconditioning induced by bed rest and an environment of weightlessness (2). A recent study (41) compared the effects of whole body vibration associated with resistive exercise versus resistive exercise alone on the vascular changes induced by 60-day bed rest. I...

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WISE-2005: effect of aerobic and resistive exercises on orthostatic tolerance during 60 days bed rest in women

Cited by 55 publications

References 38 publications

WISE 2005: responses of women to sublingual nitroglycerin before and after 56 days of 6° head-down bed rest

WISE 2005: responses of women to sublingual nitroglycerin before and after 56 days of 6° head-down bed rest

Short-term variability of blood pressure: effects of lower-body negative pressure and long-duration bed rest

Low-magnitude whole body vibration with resistive exercise as a countermeasure against cardiovascular deconditioning after 60 days of head-down bed rest

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