“…This study has great significance in that it shows new possibilities of wearable electronics by embodying LEDs and photodiode in fiber, which is the most basic step in wearable applications. Also, Lee et al reported wearable µLED arrays attached on fabrics by utilizing a transparent elastomeric adhesive (TEA)‐based transfer/bonding process . To verify the suitability of outdoor wearable applications, wearable µLED arrays showed durability under several kinds of tests such as a bending test under a bending radius of 2.5 mm for 100k cycles, a 10% stretching test, a stability test under harsh conditions (e.g., 85 °C/85%), and so on.…”
Section: Materials and Architecture Design Of Fiber Shaped Lighting Dmentioning
Advances in material science and nanotechnology have fostered the miniaturization of devices. Over the past two decades, the form‐factor of these devices has evolved from 3D rigid, volumetric devices through 2D film‐based flexible electronics, finally to 1D fiber electronics (fibertronics). In this regard, fibertronic strategies toward wearable applications (e.g., electronic textiles (e‐textiles)) have attracted considerable attention thanks to their capability to impart various functions into textiles with retaining textiles' intrinsic properties as well as imperceptible irritation by foreign matters. In recent years, extensive research has been carried out to develop various functional devices in the fiber form. Among various features, lighting and display features are the highly desirable functions in wearable electronics. This article discusses the recent progress of materials, architectural designs, and new fabrication technologies of fiber‐shaped lighting devices and the current challenges corresponding to each device's operating mechanism. Moreover, opportunities and applications that the revolutionary convergence between the state‐of‐the‐art fibertronic technology and age‐long textile industry will bring in the future are also discussed.
“…This study has great significance in that it shows new possibilities of wearable electronics by embodying LEDs and photodiode in fiber, which is the most basic step in wearable applications. Also, Lee et al reported wearable µLED arrays attached on fabrics by utilizing a transparent elastomeric adhesive (TEA)‐based transfer/bonding process . To verify the suitability of outdoor wearable applications, wearable µLED arrays showed durability under several kinds of tests such as a bending test under a bending radius of 2.5 mm for 100k cycles, a 10% stretching test, a stability test under harsh conditions (e.g., 85 °C/85%), and so on.…”
Section: Materials and Architecture Design Of Fiber Shaped Lighting Dmentioning
Advances in material science and nanotechnology have fostered the miniaturization of devices. Over the past two decades, the form‐factor of these devices has evolved from 3D rigid, volumetric devices through 2D film‐based flexible electronics, finally to 1D fiber electronics (fibertronics). In this regard, fibertronic strategies toward wearable applications (e.g., electronic textiles (e‐textiles)) have attracted considerable attention thanks to their capability to impart various functions into textiles with retaining textiles' intrinsic properties as well as imperceptible irritation by foreign matters. In recent years, extensive research has been carried out to develop various functional devices in the fiber form. Among various features, lighting and display features are the highly desirable functions in wearable electronics. This article discusses the recent progress of materials, architectural designs, and new fabrication technologies of fiber‐shaped lighting devices and the current challenges corresponding to each device's operating mechanism. Moreover, opportunities and applications that the revolutionary convergence between the state‐of‐the‐art fibertronic technology and age‐long textile industry will bring in the future are also discussed.
“…The inset image shows WµLEDs, operating in a chemical detergent solution. h) 10 × 10 wearable PMILED display, emitting red light to produce letters K, A, I, S, and T. Reproduced with permission . Copyright 2018, Elsevier.…”
Inorganic-based micro light-emitting diodes (µLEDs) have witnessed significant improvements in terms of display and biomedical applications, which can shift the paradigm of future optoelectronic systems. In particular, µLED displays are on the verge of becoming the next big interface platform for visual communications, expanding to various internet of things and wearable/bioapplications. Novel µLED concepts need to be upgraded to be able to satisfy their potential optoelectric applications, such as virtual reality, smart watches, and medical sensors for individual computing in this hyperconnected society. Here, representative progresses in the field of flexible µLEDs are reviewed with regard to device structures, massive µLED transfers, methods for performance enhancement, and applications.
“…In recent years, flexible electronics have been extensively investigated to break through the intrinsic limitations of rigid electronics, leading to the realization of unprecedented form factors for unconventional user experiences . This is because of the lightweight, portable, and human‐friendly interface characteristics of the flexible devices.…”
The latest progresses in software engineering such as cloud computing, big data analysis, and machine learning have accelerated the emergence of advanced intelligent systems (AIS). However, the current computing system has significant challenges in dealing with unstructured data (e.g., image, voice, physiological signals) because the von‐Neumann bottleneck induces latency and power consumption issues. Neuromorphic computing, which imitates the behaviors of neuron and synapse within the biological neural network, is considered a promising solution beyond von‐Neumann architecture, since its collocated structure of processor and memory enables parallel processing of unstructured data with remarkable efficiency. Memristors are considered as next‐generation nonvolatile memory devices due to fast speed, low power, and excellent scalability. However, a low reliability and leakage current issues remain as obstacle to the commercialization of memristors. Memristive devices have been widely investigated as a strong candidate for artificial synapses since their resistance modulation characteristics under electrical stimulus are analogous to the plasticity of the brain synapse. Although emulation of synaptic behavior by single memristor cells is demonstrated by many researchers, the development of fully functional memristive neural network requires further investigations. This paper introduces the recent advances and developments in the field of inorganic‐based unconventional memristive devices for future AIS applications.
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