Wireless communication research challenges for Extended Reality (XR)

Akyildiz, Ian F.; Guo, Hongzhi

doi:10.52953/qgkv1321

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…In contrast, if we go beyond Shannon's communication paradigm, transferring the semantics of the messages from source to destination can greatly reduce the amount of the data to be transmitted over the communication network [15], [62]. This transfer of the semantics of the messages can be achieved through so-called semantic compression.…”

Section: B Fundamentals Of Semantic Compressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Immersive environments demand low latency and high rendering quality [13], e.g., the HTC Vive Pro head-mounted display (HMD) requires 1440 × 1600 pixels per frame with a frame rate of 90 frames per second (FPS) per eye [14], for a total of 180 renderings per second. The resulting XR data volumes overwhelm existing networks [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], necessitating the development of new communication technologies to transport the massive XR data for creating immersive environments over networks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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cXR+ Voxel-Based Semantic Compression for Networked Immersion

Rezwan

Cabrera

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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Extended Reality (XR) applications, which may encompass Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR), commonly involve immersive virtual environments that are based on real physical environments. Transmitting the extensive color and depth image data for representing a physical environment over a communication network to create a corresponding immersive environment at a remote location is very challenging due to the enormous data volumes and the time constraints of real-time immersion. We explore semantic compression, which conveys the semantic meaning of the data through color-codes (CCs) to reduce the transmitted data volume. The creation of an immersive environment conventionally involves five steps (with corresponding output): calibration (single-frame point cloud), registration (registered point cloud), volume reconstruction (voxel frame), marching cubes (meshes), and rendering (3D environment). We develop the novel cXR+ semantic compression that splits the volume reconstruction into a client-side virtual network function (VNF) that represents the registered point cloud as CCs for network transmission to a server-side VNF that decodes the CCs to obtain the voxel frames so as to complete the volume reconstruction. We consider an analogous splitting of the calibration into two VNFs with Graph Coloring (GC) compression of the color and depth image data as a comparison benchmark. Additionally, we consider the transmission of the raw and JPG compressed point cloud data as well as the volume reconstruction at the client-side and subsequent transmission of the voxel frames as benchmarks. We conduct measurements of the compression (computing) time, transmission time, compression ratio, and reconstruction accuracy for real-world data sets so as to elucidate the trade-offs in employing voxel-based semantic compression for transmitting immersive environments over communication networks.

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Section: B Fundamentals Of Semantic Compressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

cXR+ Voxel-Based Semantic Compression for Networked Immersion

Rezwan

Cabrera

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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“…The former ones facilitate satisfaction of the extreme requirements, but limit users' mobility and quality of experience. Wireless-connected XR devices instead can leverage advanced wireless technologies to eliminate cables for more enjoyable users' mobility anywhere and any time [128], [129].…”

Section: Xr Outside 3gppmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women in Networks: Dr. Carla Fabiana Chiasserini, Politecnico di Torino, Italy

Chen¹

2021

IEEE Network

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She currently serves as the Vice Rector for Alumni and Career Orientation at Politecnico di Torino. She is an IEEE Fellow. Her research interests include the design of wireless network architectures, the defi nition of protocols and algorithms for mobile networks and applications, and the creation of theoretical models for the study and the performance evaluation of wireless systems. Her research is indeed a combination of system design and network-theory, aiming to design algorithms and methods that solve real problems, starting with actual data and scenarios. As far as application domains are concerned, she has been focusing on energy efficiency of wireless systems, connected cars, mobility services, service virtualization, and smart healthcare.After studying Latin and ancient Greek in high school, she decided for a change and enrolled in the Electrical Engineering B.S. and M.Sc. Program at the University of Florence, Italy. She did her Master thesis on security in wireless networks under the supervision of Prof. Aura Ganz, at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst, MA, and received her Ph.D. from Politecnico di Torino in 2000. During her Ph.D., she was a visiting scholar at the University of California at San Diego (UCSD), CA, working with Prof. Ramesh Rao. She was then a visiting researcher at UCSD in 2000-2003. These experiences gave her the unique opportunity to explore highly innovative aspects in energy efficiency of wireless communication devices as well as in local and personal wireless networks. In particular, she developed pioneering, highly inter-disciplinary work on the modeling of battery behavior in mobile devices and the designing of algorithms and protocols aiming at establishing the optimal tradeoff between energy saving and the level of user's quality of service. At UCSD she had the opportunity to also work with Prof. John Proakis and to participate in research projects involving large companies. Afterwards, she started investigating the coexistence between diff erent wireless technologies, and cooperation in distributed wireless networks through the lens of game theory. The work that Dr. Chiasserini developed on battery efficiency [1], technologies coexistence [2], and node cooperation

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“…The low latency constraints from 5G are set to evolve towards more general timing requirements in 6G [7], reflecting the way information is processed and used. There is a growing number of applications that rely on real-time interaction over digital communication links, such as digital twins [8], eXtended Reality (XR) [9] or the metaverse [10]. The evolution vector of wireless systems beyond 5G points towards increased fusion of the digital and the physical world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time, Simultaneity, and Causality in Wireless Networks With Sensing and Communications

Popovski

2024

IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc.

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Wireless systems beyond 5G evolve towards embracing both sensing and communication, resulting in increased convergence of the digital and the physical world. The existence of fused digitalphysical realms raises critical questions regarding temporal ordering, causality, and the synchronization of events. This paper addresses the temporal challenges arising from the fact that the wireless infrastructure becomes an entity with multisensory perception. With the growing reliance on real-time interactions and applications such as digital twins, extended reality, and the metaverse, the need for accurate timestamping and temporal forensics becomes crucial. The paper introduces a model that incorporates Temporal Window of Integration (TWI) to emulate human multisensory perception and discusses the implications for setting timing constraints in real-time applications and enabling temporal forensics. The analysis explores tradeoffs, probabilities, and bounds for simultaneity and causality violation in the context of wireless systems evolving towards perceptive networks. This work underscores the significance of timestamping in the evolving wireless landscape, provide insights into system-level implications, and points out new research avenues for systems that combine sensing and communications.INDEX TERMS Wireless Networks, Wireless Mobile Infrastructure, Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC), logical time.

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Wireless communication research challenges for Extended Reality (XR)

Cited by 18 publications

References 57 publications

cXR+ Voxel-Based Semantic Compression for Networked Immersion

cXR+ Voxel-Based Semantic Compression for Networked Immersion

Women in Networks: Dr. Carla Fabiana Chiasserini, Politecnico di Torino, Italy

Time, Simultaneity, and Causality in Wireless Networks With Sensing and Communications

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