Wireless, Battery‐Free Epidermal Electronics for Continuous, Quantitative, Multimodal Thermal Characterization of Skin

Krishnan, Siddharth; Su, Chun Ju; Xie, Zhaoqian; Patel, Manish; Madhvapathy, Surabhi R.; Xu, Yeshou; Freudman, Juliet; Ng, Barry; Heo, Seung Yun; Wang, Charles; Ray, Tyler R.; Leshock, John P.; Stankiewicz, Izabela; Feng, Xue; Huang, Yonggang; Gutruf, Philipp; Rogers, John A.

doi:10.1002/smll.201803192

Cited by 77 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Current solutions for wireless sensor interconnection either require each sensor to be independently powered (such as with batteries) 11,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23] or have a very limited range of operation (few centimetres) [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] . Networks of skin-mountable sensors use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Near-field communication (NFC) is an alternative wireless technology in which sensors are inductively powered by a wireless reader 25,31 . Because NFC-based sensors can be battery-free, low-cost, and secure against eavesdropping, this technology has emerged as a versatile platform for developing skin-mounted or implanted electronics capable of measuring heart rate, tissue oxygenation, sweat electrolyte composition, ultraviolet light exposure, and other physiological parameters [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] . A major limitation of NFC technology, however, is that the sensors can function only within the near-field of the reader, which is at most a few centimetres for a mobile reader such as a smartphone 25,31 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Wireless battery-free body sensor networks using near-field-enabled clothing

et al. 2020

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Networks of sensors placed on the skin can provide continuous measurement of human physiological signals for applications in clinical diagnostics, athletics and human-machine interfaces. Wireless and battery-free sensors are particularly desirable for reliable long-term monitoring, but current approaches for achieving this mode of operation rely on near-field technologies that require close proximity (at most a few centimetres) between each sensor and a wireless readout device. Here, we report near-field-enabled clothing capable of establishing wireless power and data connectivity between multiple distant points around the body to create a network of battery-free sensors interconnected by proximity to functional textile patterns. Using computer-controlled embroidery of conductive threads, we integrate clothing with near-field-responsive patterns that are completely fabric-based and free of fragile silicon components. We demonstrate the utility of the networked system for real-time, multi-node measurement of spinal posture as well as continuous sensing of temperature and gait during exercise.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Wireless battery-free body sensor networks using near-field-enabled clothing

et al. 2020

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“…Soft, flexible, wireless sensors for continuous flow monitoring The basic principles of the measurement can be found elsewhere [36][37][38][39] . In the devices reported here, a miniaturized (<5 mm diameter) thermal actuator delivers small, precisely controlled thermal power (<5 mW/mm 2 ) to the surface of the skin, thereby creating an imperceptible local increase in temperature (~5 K).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous, noninvasive wireless monitoring of flow of cerebrospinal fluid through shunts in patients with hydrocephalus

et al. 2020

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Hydrocephalus is a common disorder caused by the buildup of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain. Treatment typically involves the surgical implantation of a pressure-regulated silicone tube assembly, known as a shunt. Unfortunately, shunts have extremely high failure rates and diagnosing shunt malfunction is challenging due to a combination of vague symptoms and a lack of a convenient means to monitor flow. Here, we introduce a wireless, wearable device that enables precise measurements of CSF flow, continuously or intermittently, in hospitals, laboratories or even in home settings. The technology exploits measurements of thermal transport through near-surface layers of skin to assess flow, with a soft, flexible, and skin-conformal device that can be constructed using commercially available components. Systematic benchtop studies and numerical simulations highlight all of the key considerations. Measurements on 7 patients establish high levels of functionality, with data that reveal time dependent changes in flow associated with positional and inertial effects on the body. Taken together, the results suggest a significant advance in monitoring capabilities for patients with shunted hydrocephalus, with potential for practical use across a range of settings and circumstances, and additional utility for research purposes in studies of CSF hydrodynamics.

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“…I, Wireless and battery‐free epidermal electronics for precise and quantitative thermal characterization of human skin. Reproduced with permission from Reference 96, Copyright 2018, Wiley‐VCH. CNT, carbon nanotube; PDMS, polydimethylsiloxane; PEDOT: PTS, poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene): p ‐toluene sulfonic acid; PU, polyurethane…”

Section: General Wearable Electronics and Wearable Photonicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in wearable electronics/photonics—Moving toward the era of artificial intelligence and internet of things

Shi

Dong

et al. 2020

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The past few years have witnessed the significant impacts of wearable electronics/photonics on various aspects of our daily life, for example, healthcare monitoring and treatment, ambient monitoring, soft robotics, prosthetics, flexible display, communication, human‐machine interactions, and so on. According to the development in recent years, the next‐generation wearable electronics and photonics are advancing rapidly toward the era of artificial intelligence (AI) and internet of things (IoT), to achieve a higher level of comfort, convenience, connection, and intelligence. Herein, this review provides an opportune overview of the recent progress in wearable electronics, photonics, and systems, in terms of emerging materials, transducing mechanisms, structural configurations, applications, and their further integration with other technologies. First, development of general wearable electronics and photonics is summarized for the applications of physical sensing, chemical sensing, human‐machine interaction, display, communication, and so on. Then self‐sustainable wearable electronics/photonics and systems are discussed based on system integration with energy harvesting and storage technologies. Next, technology fusion of wearable systems and AI is reviewed, showing the emergence and rapid development of intelligent/smart systems. In the last section of this review, perspectives about the future development trends of the next‐generation wearable electronics/photonics are provided, that is, toward multifunctional, self‐sustainable, and intelligent wearable systems in the AI/IoT era.

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Wireless, Battery‐Free Epidermal Electronics for Continuous, Quantitative, Multimodal Thermal Characterization of Skin

Cited by 77 publications

References 43 publications

Wireless battery-free body sensor networks using near-field-enabled clothing

Wireless battery-free body sensor networks using near-field-enabled clothing

Continuous, noninvasive wireless monitoring of flow of cerebrospinal fluid through shunts in patients with hydrocephalus

Progress in wearable electronics/photonics—Moving toward the era of artificial intelligence and internet of things

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