Wire-Feeding Laser Welding of Copper/Stainless Steel Using Different Filler Metals

Abstract

Ni-based filler metal and Ni-Cu-based filler metal were used to obtain copper/stainless steel (Cu/SS) joints through wire-feeding laser welding. Along the SS/weld interface, there exist different grain sizes (from coarse columnar grains to fine equiaxed grains). The heat affected zone (HAZ) on the copper side consisted of two areas with different grain sizes and the size of the grain in the Cu-HAZ of the Ni-Cu-based filled joint was much smaller than that of the Ni-based filled joint. Our results showed that grain refinement at the copper/weld (Cu/weld) interface of the Ni-Cu-based filled joint was observed through high-resolution electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD). There was a hardness elevation at the Cu/weld interface of the Ni-Cu-based filled joint due to the grain refinement on the weld of the copper side. The maximum tensile strength of the Ni-Cu-based filled joint was obtained and reached 91.2% of the tensile strength of the copper base metal (Cu-BM). Joints in this study were observed to fracture in a ductile mode. Furthermore, the Ni-Cu-based filled joint exhibited a higher plastic deformation, which was primarily caused by the large deformation of the weld zone and the large deformation of the Cu-BM due to the high plasticity of the weld, which alleviated the stress concentration, as indicated by 2D-digital image correlation (DIC) test results.

Research on Parameters of Wire-Filling Laser Welding and Quenching Process for Joints Microstructure and Mechanical Property of BR1500HS Steel

“…More middle-angle misorientations generate in the FZ and FGZ while more low-angle misorientations generate in the BM. FZ and HAZ, the BM has more green boundaries (5°-15°) as shown in Figure 13a [23]. From Figure 13b, more 50°-60° boundaries generate after the quenching process but the boundaries of 25°-60° decrease greatly.…”

“…The grain diameter of the FZ is not uniform and there are a large number of red boundaries (2 • -5 • ) inside the coarse martensite, while more blue boundaries (15 • -180 • ) are visible in the FGZ [2]. Compared with the FZ and HAZ, the BM has more green boundaries (5 • -15 • ) as shown in Figure 13a [23]. From Figure 13b, more 50 • -60 • boundaries generate after the quenching process but the boundaries of 25 • -60 • decrease greatly.…”

Mechanical Properties of Laser Welded Joint of Copper and Steel Dissimilar Metals

“…As shown in Table 5, the maximum tensile strength of straight seam welding joints is 187.86 MPa, the maximum tensile strength [6] of swing welded joint is 187.28 MPa. In contrast, the tensile strength of the swing laser welding joint is reduced by 0.31%.…”

Effect of SMAW process parameters on similar and dissimilar metal welds: An overview

“…The results revealed that with slow rise in rotational torque width increases which increases the joint width and decreases the mechanical properties while this decreases when travel speed is high. This is attributed to lower friction thus producing lower heat input producing finer and homogeneous grains thus increases the material properties of the joint ( Gu et al., 2021 ). investigated the influence of Nickel and other fillers on copper to stainless steel joint.…”