Wintertime winds in and around the Ulaanbaatar metropolitan area in the presence of a temperature inversion

Ganbat, Gantuya; Baik, Jong‐Jin

doi:10.1007/s13143-016-0007-y

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Due to its high elevation, relatively northerly latitude, and distance from the Pacific Ocean, UB experiences an extreme continental climate with long winters and short summers. Mongolian winters are cold and clear, and in UB specifically, winter is typically characterized by clear skies, weak synoptic winds, and a temperature inversion under the influence of a Siberian high pressure anticyclone [16]. Summer (June through August) is warm and dry, with highs between 20-25 • C, low humidity, and average monthly precipitation of approximately 60 mm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Multi-Angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer Aerosol Mixture Properties for Air Quality Assessment in Mongolia

et al. 2018

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Ulaanbaatar (UB), the capital city of Mongolia, has extremely poor wintertime air quality with fine particulate matter concentrations frequently exceeding 500 μg/m3, over 20 times the daily maximum guideline set by the World Health Organization. Intensive use of sulfur-rich coal for heating and cooking coupled with an atmospheric inversion amplified by the mid-continental Siberian anticyclone drive these high levels of air pollution. Ground-based air quality monitoring in Mongolia is sparse, making use of satellite observations of aerosol optical depth (AOD) instrumental for characterizing air pollution in the region. We harnessed data from the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) Version 23 (V23) aerosol product, which provides total column AOD and component-particle optical properties for 74 different aerosol mixtures at 4.4 km spatial resolution globally. To test the performance of the V23 product over Mongolia, we compared values of MISR AOD with spatially and temporally matched AOD from the Dalanzadgad AERONET site and find good agreement (correlation r = 0.845, and root-mean-square deviation RMSD = 0.071). Over UB, exploratory principal component analysis indicates that the 74 MISR AOD mixture profiles consisted primarily of small, spherical, non-absorbing aerosols in the wintertime, and contributions from medium and large dust particles in the summertime. Comparing several machine learning methods for relating the 74 MISR mixtures to ground-level pollutants, including particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters smaller than 2.5 μm ( PM 2.5 ) and 10 μm ( PM 10 ), as well as sulfur dioxide ( SO 2 ), a proxy for sulfate particles, we find that Support Vector Machine regression consistently has the highest predictive performance with median test R 2 for PM 2.5 , PM 10 , and SO 2 equal to 0.461, 0.063, and 0.508, respectively. These results indicate that the high-dimensional MISR AOD mixture set can provide reliable predictions of air pollution and can distinguish dominant particle types in the UB region.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Multi-Angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer Aerosol Mixture Properties for Air Quality Assessment in Mongolia

et al. 2018

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“…Decreases and increases in hourly mean PM 2.5 and PM 10 concentrations throughout the day could also be explained by changes in the boundary layer height and temperature inversion layer. A increased boundary layer height and a resolving temperature inversion with weakened strength and thickness in the daytime (Ganbat and Baik, 2016) are beneficial to the vertical distribution/exchange/mixture of pollutants, which results in a reduction of mean pollutant concentrations at ground level in the afternoon.…”

Section: General Characteristics Of Temporal Variations In Pm Concentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Major sources of coarse particle air pollution are crustal matter and coal combustion (Davy et al, 2011). In addition to the pollutant emission sources, the weather condition with temperature inversions under the Siberian high-pressure system (Ganbat and Baik, 2016) plays important role in air pollution in winter. Wintertime air pollution in Ulaanbaatar has been widely noted during the past ~15 years (Guttikunda, 2007;Guttikunda et al, 2013;Ganbat and Baik, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Improvement in Particulate Matter (PM) Pollution in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

Ganbat

Soyol-Erdene

Jadamba

2020

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Ulaanbaatar, the capital city of Mongolia, has occasionally been considered the most polluted city in the world. Approximately 46% of the population resides in Ulaanbaatar, and over half of the population living in ger (traditional yurt dwelling) areas consumes raw coal, which leads to an increase in ambient air pollutants. The Government of Mongolia took a series of actions to reduce air pollution; one was the ban on the consumption of raw coal beginning on 15 May 2019. In this study, improvement in particulate matter (PM) air quality was shortly studied by assessing the hourly data for the last six years, from January 2014 to February 2020. The analysis exhibited a major improvement in PM concentrations during the 2019-2020 winter in Ulaanbaatar. The average PM concentrations clearly exhibited a decreasing trend in November 2019-February 2020 compared to the previous five years. The maximum PM 2.5 and PM 10 concentrations were reduced to 46% and 55%, respectively, compared to the mean maximum values of the previous five years. The most prominent occurrence frequency of PM concentrations shifted to a lower concentration range. Although a PM pollution reduction was seen during the 2019-2020 winter, further air quality improvement can be obtained by taking a set of multiple actions with accurate planning management.

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“…In the last two decades, with worsening air quality in Ulaanbaatar, interest in addressing air pollution has been increased. A number of research works has been performed on the assessment of the ambient air quality by evaluating criteria (Luvsan et al, 2012;Huang et al, 2013) and trace (Byambaa et al, 2019;Nirmalkar et al, 2020) pollutants in Mongolia, chemical (Jung et al, 2010;Davy et al, 2011;Nishikawa et al, 2011;Batmunkh et al, 2013;Amgalan et al, 2016) and physical characteristics (Jung et al, 2011;Oyungerel et al, 2012;Hasenkopf et al, 2016) of atmospheric particulate matter, source apportionment of certain atmospheric pollutants (Davy et al, 2011;Nishikawa et al, 2011;Amgalan et al, 2016) and other climatic and socioeconomic factors impacting urban air quality (Luvsan et al, 2012;Ganbat et al, 2013;Huang et al, 2013;Ganbat and Baik, 2016). To date, there have been no systematic reviews of published studies on air pollution in Mongolia.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Air Quality Studies in Mongolia: Pollution Characteristics and Future Research Needs

Soyol-Erdene

Ganbat²,

Baldorj³

2021

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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For the last decades, Mongolia has seen an extensive escalation in population growth, urbanization, and industrialization, together with great increase in mining and usage of vehicles. As a result, a substantial increase has taken place in the types and number of emission sources of air pollutants, especially in urban areas. During the cold season, air pollution level in Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia, is frequently ranked as the highest in the world. However, due to the lack of air quality management, the country is suffering from a deterioration of air quality.Despite the worse air pollution situation, due to insufficient research capacity of the country, to date, research works on characteristics of air pollution have mainly been based on current capability and/or collaboration with foreign institutes. The research gap in this area necessitates numerous investigations, which could have great importance in developing mitigating strategies and minimizing the adverse impact of air pollution on local and regional scales. This paper reviews previously available studies and reports in international scientific journals on air quality in Mongolia. Based on the existing research works, future needs of studies on ambient air pollution in Mongolia are suggested.

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Wintertime winds in and around the Ulaanbaatar metropolitan area in the presence of a temperature inversion

Cited by 19 publications

References 31 publications

Using Multi-Angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer Aerosol Mixture Properties for Air Quality Assessment in Mongolia

Using Multi-Angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer Aerosol Mixture Properties for Air Quality Assessment in Mongolia

Recent Improvement in Particulate Matter (PM) Pollution in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

Urban Air Quality Studies in Mongolia: Pollution Characteristics and Future Research Needs

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