Winter Rye Cover Crop Following Soybean Under Conservation Tillage: Residual Soil Nitrate

Kessavalou, Anabayan; Walters, Daniel T.

doi:10.2134/agronj1999.914643x

Cited by 58 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However, minimum or no-tillage systems do not leave enough plant residue on the soil after dry beans to protect soil from wind erosion. Future research should test the use of fall-seeded cover crops, such as fall rye (Kessavalou and Walters 1997), after dry beans for the production of residue cover before seeding sugarbeets. Possibly, strip tillage could be used after cover crops before seeding sugarbeets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of tillage system and crop sequence on irrigated sugarbeet production

Moyer¹,

Nitschelm²,

Regitnig³

et al. 2004

Can. J. Plant Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

. 2004. Effect of tillage system and crop sequence on irrigated sugarbeet production. Can. J. Plant Sci. 84: 739-747. Sugarbeets (Beta vulgaris L.) are grown on intensively tilled-irrigated land in southern Alberta, which is subject to soil erosion by wind. Experiments were conducted on commercial fields near Burdett, AB, to determine the effect of the tillage system and previous crops on sugarbeet production. The previous crops were dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) or wheat (Triticum aestivium L.) and the tillage systems were conventional (moldboard plow, vibrashank cultivator, harrow, packer), minimum (double disc, self-cleaning harrow, glyphosate) or no tillage (glyphosate). After dry beans, sugarbeet fresh weight and extractable sugar yields were similar with all tillage systems. All of the tillage systems left less than 100 g m -2 of plant residue on the soil surface in the spring following dry beans, which is insufficient to protect the soil from wind erosion. After wheat, sugarbeet yields were similar with minimum and conventional tillage but lower with no tillage. Both minimum and no-tillage systems left sufficient plant residue on the soil surface to protect the soil from erosion (> 200 g m -2 ). Sugarbeet stand density following wheat was lower with no tillage than conventional or minimum tillage, reflecting poor seed placement and daily maximum soil temperature (5 cm depth) of up to 10°C lower under no tillage than conventional tillage. After wheat, there was a trend toward lower densities of hard-seeded annuals, such as redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.), after no tillage than conventional tillage. Of the cropping systems tested in this study, only the minimum tillage system after wheat provided optimum sugarbeet yield and left enough plant residue to protect the soil from wind erosion. Key words:Crop rotation, bean, wheat, sugarbeet, no-tillage Moyer, J. R., Nitschelm, J., Regitnig, P., Blackshaw, R. E., Huang, H. C. et Chang, C. 2004. Incidence de la méthode de travail du sol et de la culture antérieure sur la production de betteraves sucrières sous irrigation. Can. J. Plant Sci. 84: 739-747. Dans le sud de l'Alberta, la betterave sucrière (Beta vulgaris L.) se cultive sur des terres irriguées travaillées de façon intensive, donc sujettes à l'érosion éolienne. Les auteurs ont effectué des expériences dans des champs commerciaux de Burdett (Alberta) afin de vérifier les conséquences de la méthode de travail du sol et de la culture antérieure sur la production de betteraves. La culture antérieure consistait soit en haricot (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), soit en blé (Triticum aestivum L.) tandis que la méthode de travail consistait en labours ordinaires (charrue à socs et à versoirs, vibroculteur, herse, soc d'enterrage), en travail minimum (pulvériseur tandem, herse auto nettoyante, glyphosate) ou en nontravail du sol (glyphosate). Après le haricot, les betteraves ont le même poids frais et rendement en sucre extractible quelle que soit la méthode de travail du sol. Les méthodes de travail du sol ...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of tillage system and crop sequence on irrigated sugarbeet production

Moyer¹,

Nitschelm²,

Regitnig³

et al. 2004

Can. J. Plant Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These include reduced inorganic N and water availability due to cover crop uptake, inhibitory allelochemicals from living or dying rye plants, immobilization of N during decomposition of the cover crop, poor planter performance related to planting into dense plant residue and near-surface roots, and increased pest pressure (Duiker and Curran 2005;Ebelhar et al 1984;Karlen and Doran 1991;Kessavalou and Walters 1997;Mitchell and Tell 1977;Tollenaar et al 1993;Wagger and Mengel 1993).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Time Interval Between Cover Crop Termination and Planting Influences Corn Seedling Disease, Plant Growth, and Yield

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Experiments were established in a controlled-growth chamber and in the field to evaluate the effect of the length of time intervals between winter rye cover crop termination and corn planting on corn seedling disease, corn growth, and grain yield in 2014 and 2015. Rye termination dates ranged from 25 days before planting (DBP) to 2 days after planting (DAP) corn in the field and from 21 DBP to 1 DAP in controlled studies. Results were similar in both environments. In general, shorter intervals increased seedling disease and reduced corn emergence, shoot growth, and grain yield of corn following winter rye compared with corn planted 10 or more days after rye termination or without rye. Incidence of Pythium spp. increased with shorter intervals (less than 8 DBP); incidence of Fusarium spp. was not consistent between runs and experiments. In 2014, in the 1-DAP treatment, number of ears and grain yield were reduced (P = 0.05 and 0.02, respectively). In 2015, all termination intervals reduced plant population, number of ears, and yield (P = 0.01), with the 2-DBP treatment causing the biggest decrease. A 10-to 14-day interval between rye termination and corn planting should be followed to improve corn yield following a rye cover crop. RightsWorks produced by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted within the U.S. The content of this document is not copyrighted. AbstractExperiments were established in a controlled-growth chamber and in the field to evaluate the effect of the length of time intervals between winter rye cover crop termination and corn planting on corn seedling disease, corn growth, and grain yield in 2014 and 2015. Rye termination dates ranged from 25 days before planting (DBP) to 2 days after planting (DAP) corn in the field and from 21 DBP to 1 DAP in controlled studies. Results were similar in both environments. In general, shorter intervals increased seedling disease and reduced corn emergence, shoot growth, and grain yield of corn following winter rye compared with corn planted

show abstract

“…Cover crops traditionally have been grown for soil and water conservation and not harvested for immediate economic gain (Odland and Knoblauch 1938;Kessavalou and Walters 1997). Fall-seeded cover crops such as fall rye have been used to immobilize available nitrogen after harvest and reduce the amount of nitrogen entering the ground water (Brandi-Dohrn at al.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The plant residue returned to the soil can increase the concentration of organic nitrogen in the soil over time and increase crop yields in cover crop treatments compared to bare soil (Odland and Knoblauch 1938). Cover crops have prevented soil erosion (Kessavalou and Walters 1997) and by reducing light transmission to the soil surface have reduced soil temperatures and conserved soil moisture (Wagner-Riddle et al 1994). The reduction in light transmission to the soil surface by fall rye has been related to weed control (Teasdale et al 1991;Teasdale and Mohler 1993) as the germination of several weeds is stimulated by light (Taylorson 1987).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cereal cover crops for weed suppression in a summer fallow-wheat cropping sequence

Moyer¹,

Blackshaw²,

Smith³

et al. 2000

Can. J. Plant Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

S. M. 2000. Cereal cover crops for weed suppression in a summer fallow-wheat cropping sequence. Can. J. Plant Sci. 80: 441-449. Cropping systems in western Canada that include summer fallow can leave the soil exposed to erosion and require frequent weed control treatments. Cover crops have been used for soil conservation and to suppress weed growth. Experiments were conducted under rain-fed conditions at Lethbridge, Alberta to determine the effect of short-term fall rye (Secale cereale L.), winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and annual rye cover crops in the fallow year on weed growth and subsequent wheat yield. Under favorable weather conditions fall rye was as effective as post-harvest plus early spring tillage or herbicides in spring weed control. Winter wheat and fall rye residues, after growth was terminated in June, reduced weed biomass in September by 50% compared to no cover crop in 1993 but had little effect on weeds in 1995. Fall-seeded cover crops reduced the density of dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Weber in Wiggers) and Canada thistle [Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.] but increased the density of downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.), wild buckwheat (Polygonum convolvulus L.), and thyme-leaved spurge (Euphorbia serpyllifolia Pers.) in the following fall or spring. Wheat yields after fall rye and no cover crop were similar but yields after spring-seeded annual rye were less than after no cover crop. Spring-seeded annual rye did not adequately compete with weeds. Cover crops, unlike the no cover crop treatment, always left sufficient plant residue to protect the soil from erosion until the following wheat crop was seeded. ) et du seigle de printemps comme couvre-sol temporaire dans la sole de jachère sur la croissance des mauvaises herbes et sur les rendements subséquents du blé. Quand les conditions météorologiques sont favorables, le seigle d'automne était aussi efficace pour la maîtrise des mauvaises herbes printanières que les binages post-récolte plus les façons culturales ou l'emploi des herbicides en début de printemps. Le blé d'hiver et les restes de seigle d'automne laissés après l'interruption de la croissance en juin causaient une diminution de 50 % de la biomasse adventice en septembre par rapport aux traitements sans culture couvre-sol, mais en 1995 leur effet sur les mauvaises herbes était faible. Les couvre-sol semés en automne diminuaient la densité d'infestation du pissenlit (Taraxacum officinale Weber in Wiggers) et du chardon des champs [Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.], mais ils provoquaient l'accroissement de la densité du brome des toits (Bromus tectorum L.), de la renouée liseron (Polygonum convolvulus L.) et de l'euphorbe à feuilles de serpolets (Euphorbia serpyllifolia Pers.) l'automne ou le printemps suivant. Le rendement du blé obtenu suivant une culture de seigle d'automne était le même qu'après une jachère nue, mais après une culture de seigle de printemps il était inférieur. Le seigle semé au printemps ne parvenait pas à soutenir la concurrence des mauvaises herbes. À la différence de...

show abstract

Winter Rye Cover Crop Following Soybean Under Conservation Tillage: Residual Soil Nitrate

Cited by 58 publications

References 6 publications

Effect of tillage system and crop sequence on irrigated sugarbeet production

Effect of tillage system and crop sequence on irrigated sugarbeet production

Time Interval Between Cover Crop Termination and Planting Influences Corn Seedling Disease, Plant Growth, and Yield

Cereal cover crops for weed suppression in a summer fallow-wheat cropping sequence

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About