Winter particulate pollution severity in North China driven by atmospheric teleconnections

Li, Jiandong; Hao, Xin; Liao, Hong; Wang, Yuhang; Cai, Wenju; Li, Ke; Yue, Xu; Yang, Yang; Chen, Haishan; Mao, Yuhao; Fu, Yue; Chen, Lei; Zhu, Jia

doi:10.1038/s41561-022-00933-2

Cited by 48 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…It has been mentioned in previous studies that the circulation situation during severe pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region can be classified as westerly and high-pressure ridge type with weak cold air input at middle and high latitudes [16]. There is a highpressure system simultaneously exists in southeastern and northwestern Beijing in spring, and southwestern airflow and weak westerly wind produce convergence, resulting in the transport of particulate matter from southern Beijing to the northern.…”

Section: Decomposed Eof Patterns Of Pm 25 and Pm 10 Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, pollution remains more severe in northern China, especially in winter [13][14][15]. The number of days with severe PM 2.5 pollution (daily average concentration > 150 µg/m 3 ) was more frequent in North China from 2013 to 2019, especially in winter [16]. Compared to 1 January-30 April 2019, the national average concentrations of PM 2.5 and PM 10 decreased by 14% and 15% during the same period in 2020, respectively [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of PM2.5 and PM10 Spatio-Temporal Distribution and Influencing Meteorological Conditions in Beijing

Xing

Sun

2022

Atmosphere

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PM2.5 and PM10 in the atmosphere seriously affect human health and air quality, a situation which has aroused widespread concern. In this paper, we analyze the temporal and spatial distribution of PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations from 2016 to 2021 based on real-time monitoring data. In addition, we also explore the influence of meteorological conditions on pollutants. The results show that PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations are similarly distribution in temporal and spatial from 2016 to 2021, and the average concentrations of both show a decreasing trend. The ratio of PM2.5 to PM10 is decreasing, indicating that the proportion of fine particles is declining. PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations are higher in spring and winter, but lower in summer. Spatially, it shows a gradual shift from the characteristic of “high in the south and low in the north” to a uniform homogenization across districts. The spatial distribution of PM2.5 and PM10 mass concentrations is synchronous by applying empirical orthogonal functions (EOF). The first EOF pattern exhibits a consistent characteristic of high in the southeast and low in the northwest. The second pattern EOF reflects the effect of impairing PM2.5 concentrations in the southeast during the winter of 2016–2018. The PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations are significantly negatively correlated with wind speed and precipitation in both spring and winter. On the other hand, from the perspective of the circulation situation, the southeasterly and weak westerly wind in spring produce convergence resulting in higher particulate matter concentrations in the south than in the north in Beijing. The westerly wind is flatter at 700 hPa geopotential height, which is conducive to the formation of stationary weather. The vertical direction of airflow in spring and winter is dominated by convergence and sinking, indicating the weak dispersion ability of the atmosphere. The reason for the accumulation of particulate matter at the surface is investigated, which is beneficial to provide the theoretical basis for air quality management and pollution control in Beijing.

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Section: Decomposed Eof Patterns Of Pm 25 and Pm 10 Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of PM2.5 and PM10 Spatio-Temporal Distribution and Influencing Meteorological Conditions in Beijing

Xing

Sun

2022

Atmosphere

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“…In the FHP_CN and FHP_SSP5-85 scenarios, 2013 and 2017 were assumed to have stagnant and favorable meteorology, respectively, with anthropogenic emissions and stagnant weather conditions in the NCP both impacting PM 2.5 pollution levels. Earlier studies have shown that severe PM 2.5 pollution events occurred most frequently in 2013, and that both mean PM 2.5 concentrations and the frequency of severe PM 2.5 pollution events were at their lowest during the winter of 2017 (Li et al 2018, 2019, Zhang et al 2019, 2020b, Li et al 2022. Model configurations for the different experiments are shown in table 1.…”

Section: Numerical Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air pollution mitigation in North China through flexible heating policies

Hao

Liao

et al. 2023

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Central heating in North China produces severe air pollution, although the need for heating may be reduced by rising temperatures associated with climate change. The regional trend of mean heating length (HL) for North China was −0.32 days per year during 1961–2019. Compared with the 2010–2015 mean values , the start and end dates for central heating in the North China Plain (NCP) during 2050–2055 will delayed by 9 days and advanced by 12 days, respectively, under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway 5–8.5 (SSP5-85), and by 5 and 8 days under the carbon-neutral (CN) scenario, based on Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 model simulations. Here we propose a flexible heating policy (FHP), such that HL is determined strictly by temperature, and the associated air pollution benefit of shortening HL are examined by a global 3-D chemical transport model GEOS-Chem. The study focused on the year 2019 with the current goal of elimination of severe PM2.5 pollution, and with the minimum HL estimated to provide up to a 24% reduction in severe PM2.5 pollution (daily mean PM2.5 > 150 μg m−3) over the NCP during periods of FHP implementation. For future CN policies, the NCP can achieve great air quality improvements by 2050, with more than 60% of days throughout the heating season with daily PM2.5 concentrations of <10 μg m−3, and 95% with <35 μg m−3. Although the SSP5-85 scenario may lead to reduced HLs, pollutant emissions are likely much higher than under CN scenarios, with pollution days of PM2.5 >100 μg m−3 still occurring frequently by 2050. Our results highlight that FHPs may effectively reduce severe PM2.5 pollution, and China’s carbon neutrality goals will play critical roles in mitigating air pollution and prolonged heating welfare during future heating season.

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“…For many years, studies have indicated that the frequency and intensity of various extreme events are exhibiting significant decadal changes, which could often be attributed to the influences from external forcing caused by increasing greenhouse gas concentrations due to anthropogenic emissions (e.g., Wang et al, 2012;Fischer and Knutti, 2015;Dong et al, 2017;Chen and Dong, 2019;Vautard et al, 2019;Hu et al, 2020;Ge et al, 2021). However, changes in oceanic and atmospheric circulation from internal variability of the climate system and their teleconnections are also important in determining the occurrence of regional climate extremes, especially EHTDs (e.g., Fan and Wang, 2004;Zhou and Wu, 2016;Hong et al, 2017;Sun et al, 2019;Jiang et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2020;Fan et al, 2022;Li et al, 2022). It is indicated that under the modulation of teleconnections such as the Eurasian teleconnection pattern, Silk Road pattern, and East Asia-Pacific pattern, the frequency of EHTDs in Northeast China increased after the mid-1990s (Liu et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decadal variation of the summer extreme high temperature days in northern Eurasia during 1960–2018

Fan

Xiaona²,

Zhou³

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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Unprecedented heat waves have been demonstrated sweeping across much of the Northern Hemisphere in recent summers. However, this study reveals that for northern Eurasia (30°–70°N, 10°–130°E), significant increases in summer extreme high temperature days (EHTDs) have already commenced since the mid-1990s, with the peaks centered on the surrounding areas of the Caspian Sea and Lake Baikal. Results indicate that compared with the period of 1960–1994 (P1), during 1995–2018 (P2) high-pressure and anticyclonic anomalies occupy the areas around the Caspian Sea and Lake Baikal, thus suppressing local cloud cover and precipitation, enhancing the solar radiation and high-temperature anomalies. The anticyclonic anomaly over Lake Baikal shows a close relationship with the increasing trend of global temperature, and the anomalous anticyclone over the Caspian Sea is under the influence of the warm North Atlantic and anomalous upper-troposphere jet stream during P2. The warmer than normal North Atlantic leads to the high-pressure anomaly over the Caspian Sea by modulating the Rossby wave activity. In addition, during P2, the temperatures in the middle North Atlantic and Western Europe show greater increments than those over higher latitudes, and thus the temperature gradient enhances the westerly thermal wind, which therefore leads to an anomalous upper-level jet stream to the North of the Caspian Sea. Under this circumstance, the Caspian Sea is located to the right side of the anomalous jet exit, inducing the suppressed upward motion over there and favoring the occurrence of more EHTDs after the mid-1990s.

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Winter particulate pollution severity in North China driven by atmospheric teleconnections

Cited by 48 publications

References 52 publications

Characteristics of PM2.5 and PM10 Spatio-Temporal Distribution and Influencing Meteorological Conditions in Beijing

Characteristics of PM2.5 and PM10 Spatio-Temporal Distribution and Influencing Meteorological Conditions in Beijing

Air pollution mitigation in North China through flexible heating policies

Decadal variation of the summer extreme high temperature days in northern Eurasia during 1960–2018

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