Winter application of manure on an agricultural watershed and its impact on downstream nutrient fluxes

The impact of agricultural best management practices on downstream systems: Soil loss and nutrient chemistry and flux to Conesus Lake, New York, USA

“…Lewis and Makarewicz (2009) demonstrated that in the winter of WY 3, unexpected manure operations caused significantly elevated levels of P in stream water draining Graywood -likely affecting our annual analysis. Similarly, demonstrated that during storm events, flow high in P from outside of the topographic watershed boundary of Graywood Gully affected our estimates of stream P, perhaps prohibiting a statistical significant decrease in our annual calculation.…”

“…Since data were evaluated on an annual basis, responses in less than 1 year were not observed. However, one exception was the Graywood Gully watershed where positive effects were evident a few weeks after cessation of certain manure practices (Lewis and Makarewicz, 2009).…”

Management of agricultural practices results in declines of filamentous algae in the lake littoral

“…Except for North Gully, which was first sampled for algal cover in 2002, percent cover in the littoral zone was measured during the 2001-2003 growing seasons before BMPs were established in all sub-watersheds. Consistent with Makarewicz et al (2009) and Lewis and Makarewicz (2009), the post-BMP period was defined as the 2004-2007 growing seasons.…”

Quantifying the Impact of Seasonal and Short‐term Manure Application Decisions on Phosphorus Loss in Surface Runoff

“…Studies of P loss in runoff from late fall or winter‐applied manure are limited, with most being observational at the plot to field scale. Most research was conducted before 1980 (Converse et al, 1976; Klausner et al, 1976; Young and Mutchler, 1976; Young and Holt, 1977; Phillips et al, 1981; Steenhuis et al, 1981), with some more recently (Hansen et al, 2000; Ulén, 2003; Lewis and Makarewicz, 2009; Komiskey et al, 2011; Owens et al, 2011). Observed P loss varied, generally because of variable weather and hydrology from year to year.…”