Winogradskyella litoriviva sp. nov., isolated from coastal seawater

Abstract

A Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, moderately halophilic and gliding bacterium, designated KMM 6491 T , was isolated from coastal seawater collected from Troitsa Bay, the Sea of Japan. Comparative analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain KMM 6491 T was a member of the genus Winogradskyella, with 94.5-97.9 % sequence similarity to recognized species of the genus Winogradskyella. The DNA G+C content of strain KMM 6491 T was 31.3 mol% and DNA-DNA relatedness values with the type strains of Winogradskyella echinorum, Winogradskyella damuponensis, Winogradskyella eximia and Winogradskyella pulchriflava were in range of 10-26 %. Strain KMM 6491 T contained menaquinone 6 (MK-6) as the single quinone and iso-C 15 : 0 , iso-C 15 : 1 , iso-C 15 : 0 3-OH, iso-C 17 : 0 3-OH, C 15 : 0 and summed feature 3 (comprising iso-C 15 : 0 2-OH and/or C 16 : 1 v7c) anteiso-C 15 : 0 , as the prevalent fatty acids. The major polar lipids of strain KMM 6491 T were phosphatidylethanolamine, two unknown aminolipids and two unknown lipids. Strain KMM 6491 T was able to grow with 0.5-7 % NaCl and at 4-34 8C. The novel strain decomposed gelatin and starch and produced acid from D-glucose, maltose, mannose, rhamnose, sucrose, fructose and glycerol. On the basis of the results of the phylogenetic and phenotypic analyses it is suggested that strain KMM 6491 T represents a novel species of the genus Winogradskyella, for which the name Winogradskyella litoriviva sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KMM 6491 T (5KCTC 23972 T 5LMG 26984 T ).The genus Winogradskyella, a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae, was proposed by Nedashkovskaya et al. (2013). At the time of writing, the genus Winogradskyella comprises 19 species with validly published names, all of which were isolated from different marine environments including seawater, marine sediments, seaweeds and invertebrate animals (Begum et al., 2013;Ivanova et al., 2010;Kang et al., 2013;Kim et al., 2013;Kim & Nedashkovskaya, 2010;Lau et al., 2005;Lee et al., 2012Lee et al., , 2013Nedashkovskaya et al., 2005Nedashkovskaya et al., , 2009Nedashkovskaya et al., , 2012Park et al., 2014;Park & Yoon, 2013;Pinhassi et al., 2009;Romanenko et al., 2009;Yoon et al., 2011;. Here we report on the isolation and characterization of a novel species of the genus Winogradskyella recovered from seawater sampled from the Sea of Japan.Strain KMM 6491 T was isolated from a seawater sample collected from Troitsa Bay, Gulf of Peter the Great, the Sea of Japan. For strain isolation, 0.1 ml seawater was transferred onto plates of marine agar 2216 (MA; Difco). After primary isolation and purification, the strain was cultivated at 28 8C on the same medium and stored at 280 8C in marine broth (Difco) supplemented with 20 % (v/v) glycerol.DNA was extracted from 0.1-0.2 g (wet weight) of biomass, using the DNA extraction protocol of Sambrook Abbreviation: FAMEs, fatty acid methyl esters.The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain KMM 6491 T is JX174421.

Winogradskyella bathintestinalis sp. nov., isolated from the intestine of the deep-sea loosejaw dragonfish, Malacosteus niger

“…The NaCl range for growth of strain APC 3343 T , at 0.5-8 % (optimum, 2-4 %), was wider than those of the reference strains, though almost identical to that of W. litoriviva KMM 6491 T (0.5-7 % NaCl) [7]. The pH range for growth of strain APC 3343 T was pH 5.5-10 (optimum, pH 7-8), equal to that of W. algae Kr9-9 T [9] and W. litorviva KMM 6491 T [7]. The main differences observed between strain APC 3343 T and the reference strains in the phenotypic assays were in its ability to produce, albeit weakly, lipase and β-glucosidase.…”

“…The temperature range for growth of strain APC 3343 T , of 4-30 °C (optimum 21-25 °C), was lower than those of the reference Winogradskyella strains [1,4,7,8,11,20]. The NaCl range for growth of strain APC 3343 T , at 0.5-8 % (optimum, 2-4 %), was wider than those of the reference strains, though almost identical to that of W. litoriviva KMM 6491 T (0.5-7 % NaCl) [7]. The pH range for growth of strain APC 3343 T was pH 5.5-10 (optimum, pH 7-8), equal to that of W. algae Kr9-9 T [9] and W. litorviva KMM 6491 T [7].…”

“…Cellular fatty compositions (%) of APC 3343 T and related type strain members of the genus Winogradskyella Strains: 1, APC 3343 T (data from this study); 2, W. algae Kr9-9 T [9]; 3, W. damuponensis F081-2 T [20]; 4, W. eximia KMM 3944 T[1]; 5, W. litoriviva KMM 6491 T[7]; 6, W. endarachnes HL2-2 T[10]. Major fatty acids (>10 %) are highlighted in bold.…”

Cultivation of different seaweed species and seasonal changes cause divergence of the microbial community in coastal seawaters

“…Aurantivirga, NS5-marine-group, NS4-marine-group, and Polaribacter-4 are members of the family Flavobacteriaceae, bacteria that are considered as potential microorganisms for degrading seaweed fucoidan, a mixture of sulfated fucose-containing polysaccharides. These microbes have the capacity to utilize D-lactose, sucrose, and inositol and to reduce nitrates to nitrites (Sakai et al, 2002;Nedashkovskaya et al, 2013). Pseudomonas, Limnobacter, and HIMB11 play important roles in cycling of S, N, and organic compounds in marine ecosystems, and thus have environmentally beneficial potential (Spiers et al, 2000;Lu et al, 2011).…”

Flavihalobacter algicola gen. nov. sp. nov., a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae with alginate-degradation activity, isolated from marine alga Saccharina japonica

“…Differential characteristics of strain Dm15 T and some phylogenetically related genera Strains: 1, Dm15 T ; 2, Arcticiflavibacter, data from one species (Liu et al[5]); 3, Ichthyenterobacterium, data from one species (Shakeela et al[6]); 4, Psychroserpens, data from four species (Bowman et al[8], Kwon et al[39], Lee et al[40], Baek et al[41]); 5, Winogradskyella, data from 14 species (Nedashkovskaya et al[7,[42][43][44], Lee et al[45], Park et al[46], Pinhassi et al[47], Franco et al[48], Romanenko et al[49], Kurilenko et al[50], Kim et al[51], Lee et al[40], Schellenberg et al[52]); 6, Bizionia, data from eight species (Nedashkovskaya et al[7,53], Yoon et al[54], Kim et al[55], Li et al[56], Bowman et al[57],Kim et al …”