Wing Ecomorphology and Flight Performance of Bats in Pisan Caves, Kabacan, North Cotabato, Philippines

Tanalgo, Krizler Cejuela; Achondo, Marion John Michael; Bretaña, Bryan Lloyd P.; Casim, Lothy F.; Tabora, John Aries G.

doi:10.7828/ajob.v3i1.85

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The evolution of flight‐related traits has been comprehensively studied using ecomorphological approaches in vertebrates (Norberg & Rayner, ; Rayner, ; Norberg, ; Tanalgo et al ., ), providing general predictions for the link between wing shape and flying capacities in different environments. In insects however, while the functional morphology of flight has received much attention (Ellington, ; Dudley, , ; Wootton, , ; Sane, ; Wang, ), relatively little is known regarding the selective pressures acting on flight and associated wing shape (Betts & Wootton, ; Outomuro et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive evolution of butterfly wing shape: from morphology to behaviour

2019

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Butterflies display extreme variation in wing shape associated with tremendous ecological diversity. Disentangling the role of neutral versus adaptive processes in wing shape diversification remains a challenge for evolutionary biologists. Ascertaining how natural selection influences wing shape evolution requires both functional studies linking morphology to flight performance, and ecological investigations linking performance in the wild with fitness. However, direct links between morphological variation and fitness have rarely been established. The functional morphology of butterfly flight has been investigated but selective forces acting on flight behaviour and associated wing shape have received less attention. Here, we attempt to estimate the ecological relevance of morpho-functional links established through biomechanical studies in order to understand the evolution of butterfly wing morphology. We survey the evidence for natural and sexual selection driving wing shape evolution in butterflies, and discuss how our functional knowledge may allow identification of the selective forces involved, at both the macro-and micro-evolutionary scales. Our review shows that although correlations between wing shape variation and ecological factors have been established at the macro-evolutionary level, the underlying selective pressures often remain unclear. We identify the need to investigate flight behaviour in relevant ecological contexts to detect variation in fitness-related traits. Identifying the selective regime then should guide experimental studies towards the relevant estimates of flight performance. Habitat, predators and sex-specific behaviours are likely to be major selective forces acting on wing shape evolution in butterflies. Some striking cases of morphological divergence driven by contrasting ecology involve both wing and body morphology, indicating that their interactions should be included in future studies investigating co-evolution between morphology and flight behaviour.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive evolution of butterfly wing shape: from morphology to behaviour

2019

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“…Most hunters kill only a few bats per trip, but those operating at roost sites take hundreds in a single hunt [ 170 ]. In the country, bats are mostly hunted for food, but bats’ caves are also frequently visited for guano extraction [ 171 , 172 ]. Locals and some indigenous groups usually hunt larger species of bats such as fruit and large hipposiderids bats for protein source and trade.…”

Section: Tracing Bat Coronaviruses Spillover Hotspotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity loss and COVID-19 pandemic: The role of bats in the origin and the spreading of the disease

Platto

Zhou²,

Wang³

et al. 2021

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

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The loss of biodiversity in the ecosystems has created the general conditions that have favored and, in fact, made possible, the insurgence of the COVID-19 pandemic. A lot of factors have contributed to it: deforestation, changes in forest habitats, poorly regulated agricultural surfaces, mismanaged urban growth. They have altered the composition of wildlife communities, greatly increased the contacts of humans with wildlife, and altered niches that harbor pathogens, increasing their chances to come in contact with humans. Among the wildlife, bats have adapted easily to anthropized environments such as houses, barns, cultivated fields, orchards, where they found the suitable ecosystem to prosper. Bats are major hosts for αCoV and βCoV: evolution has shaped their peculiar physiology and their immune system in a way that makes them resistant to viral pathogens that would instead successfully attack other species, including humans. In time, the coronaviruses that bats host as reservoirs have undergone recombination and other modifications that have increased their ability for inter-species transmission: one modification of particular importance has been the development of the ability to use ACE2 as a receptor in host cells. This particular development in CoVs has been responsible for the serious outbreaks in the last two decades, and for the present COVID-19 pandemic.

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