Windows and Building Envelope Research and Development: A Roadmap for Emerging Technologies

Abstract

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) would like to acknowledge and thank everyone who contributed their time, expertise, and guidance to develop this research and development (R&D) roadmap. This report was prepared with the input of nearly 100 scientists, engineers, industry representatives, technology and program managers, and other stakeholders, and represents the synthesis of results and discussion from the 2013 Windows and Building Envelope R&D Program Roadmap Workshop, internal analysis performed in the Building Technologies Office (BTO), and supporting scientific literature. As such, thanks go out to all participants of the 2013 Building Envelope and Windows R&D Program Roadmap Workshop held on April 5, 2013 (full participant list shown in Appendix A). Special thanks are extended to those listed below, the workshop plenary and lunch speakers, workshop steering committee members, and DOE subject-matter experts who assisted in the framing of the workshop and the R&D roadmap.

Grid Cost and Total Emissions Reductions Through Mass Deployment of Geothermal Heat Pumps for Building Heating and Cooling Electrification in the United States

“…OA infiltration and ductwork leakage can be reduced by sealing the gaps, holes, and cracks in the ceilings, exterior walls, and ductwork, as well as applying weather strips to windows and doors. 43 According to previous studies, air sealing can reduce heating energy consumption by 30%-50% (Chan 2013, Hassouneh et al 2012, Jokisalo et al 2009, Lozinsky and Touchie 2018, Pasos et al 2020, Sawyer 2014.…”

“…The building modeling accounted for weatherization in SFHs by reducing outdoor air ventilation to the minimum required by ASHRAE Standard 62.2 (ASHRAE 2007, 2016 and by eliminating air leakage from the ductwork of HVAC systems through air-sealing, which are commonly recommended practices in heat pump retrofits. According to previous studies, air-sealing can xv reduce heating energy consumption by 30%-50% (Chan 2013, Hassouneh et al 2012, Jokisalo et al 2009, Lozinsky and Touchie 2018, Pasos et al 2020, Sawyer 2014. Deployment rates were fixed at 3.6% per year of existing and new building floor space that is considered applicable 7 for GHP in this study for 28 years until 2050.…”

Implementing NIST infiltration correlations

“…The Department of Energy (DOE) estimates that air leakage (or "infiltration") through building envelopes accounted for 6 % of the total energy consumed by commercial buildings in 2010 [2]. Air barrier requirements are now included in the versions of ASHRAE Standards 90.1-2010 and 189.1-2017 and newer.…”

Implementing NIST infiltration correlations

“…The Department of Energy (DOE) estimates that air leakage (or "infiltration") through building envelopes accounted for 6 % of the total energy consumed by commercial buildings in 2010 (DOE 2014). Air barrier requirements are now included in the versions of ASHRAE Standards 90.1-2010 and189.1-2017 andnewer. The potential building energy savings of air barriers is often evaluated using building energy simulation software, such as EnergyPlus (DOE 2020).…”