Wind tunnel tests and analysis of snow load distribution on three different large size stadium roofs

Flaga, Andrzej; Flaga, Łukasz

doi:10.1016/j.coldregions.2019.02.002

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Furthermore, considering that the unique roof shape substantially affects the shape of the snow cover, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) plastic was used for creating the model roof to reproduce the complex shape as far as possible. Similar hard material was also used by Flaga et al [13] to make the membrane structure models. Perforated plates were adopted for the sidewall, with an air permeability of approximately 40% to realize the simulation of the wall air permeability (Figure 5b).…”

Section: Test Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Snow Load Characteristics on a Complex Long-Span Roof Based on Snow–Wind Tunnel Tests

Zhang

Fan

et al. 2019

Applied Sciences

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Featured Application: This study provides a simplified method that can be applied to help preliminarily estimate the snow load on a complex roof by combining the snow loads on several simple roofs, which have been provided in the load code or obtained by numerical studies.Abstract: A considerable number of studies have been carried out for predicting snowdrifts on roofs over the years. However, few studies have focused on snowdrifts on complex long-span roofs, as the complex shape and fine structure pose significant challenges. In this study, to simplify the calculation requirements of snow load on such roofs, work was conducted to decompose the snowdrift on a complex roof into snowdrifts on several simple roofs. First, the snow-wind tunnel test similarity criteria were investigated based on a combined air-snow-wind experimental system. Thereafter, with reference to the validated experimental similarity criteria, a series of snow-wind tunnel tests were performed for snowdrifts on a complex long-span structure under the conditions of different inflow directions. Finally, based on empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis, the snowdrifts on the complex roof were decomposed into basic characteristic distribution modes, including snowdrifts caused by the local and overall roof forms. The snow distribution under a specific inflow direction could be derived from the weighted combination of the basic characteristic modes, based on the wind direction coefficients. Therefore, it is possible for the snow load on a complex roof to be estimated preliminarily based on the snow distributions on several simple roofs.

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Section: Test Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Snow Load Characteristics on a Complex Long-Span Roof Based on Snow–Wind Tunnel Tests

Zhang

Fan

et al. 2019

Applied Sciences

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“…In terms of drifting snow control measures, Flaga et al [7] conducted wind tunnel experiments to study the snow particle deposition of three different forms of large sports stadium roofs and found that the shape parameters of buildings have an important influence on the design of snow loads at different locations. Therefore, shape factors cannot be ignored in building load design.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Susceptibility of Drifting Snow in Ya’an–Qamdo Section of the Railway in Southwest China

Zhou,

Zhang,

Yang

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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To investigate the susceptibility of drifting snow along the Ya’an–Qamdo section of the railway, which is located in a high-altitude and cold plateau in Southwest China with scarce meteorological information, the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) is used in this paper to simulate the spatio-temporal distribution of meteorological data. According to the varying terrain, the railway section from Ya’an to Qamdo is divided into two regions along 100.8° E for double-layer nested simulation. The original land use data of the WRF model are used in region 1. Due to the increased number of mountains in region 2, the original data are replaced by the MCD12Q1v006 land use data, and the vertical direction layers are densified near the ground to increase simulation accuracy. The simulated results are compared with the observation data. It is found that after densification, the results have been significantly improved. The results obtained by the WRF model can accurately simulate the change trends of temperature, rainfall, and wind speed, and the correlation coefficients are relatively high, which verifies the accuracy of WRF for simulating complex terrain regions. The simulation results further indicate that approximately 300 km of the Ya’an–Qamdo railway may experience drifting snow. Among them, no drifting snow events occur in Ya’an County, and the areas with higher probability are located at the border between Luding County and Tianquan County, followed by Kangding area. The remaining areas have a probability of less than 10%. The WRF model demonstrates its capability in the drifting snow protection of railways with limited meteorological data.

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“…The influence of the morphology of snow on such characteristics as the angle of rest has been studied experimentally in the work [30]. In papers [31,32] the process of snow drift formation on roofs of buildings for various functional purposes has been investigated experimentally. Of practical interest is the study [33] which demonstrates, that when the number of particles in agglomerate increases, the velocity increases and the agglomerate is more likely to adhere to the surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of practical interest is the study [33] which demonstrates, that when the number of particles in agglomerate increases, the velocity increases and the agglomerate is more likely to adhere to the surface. It should be noted that in the paper [32] investigations on sedimentation and redistribution of snow were conducted using powder polystyrene foam in the function of artificial snow. The structure of snow in studying the mechanism of origin of avalanches is especially intensively considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigations of snow bank formation during milling and rotary snow blower operation

Denis¹,

Mikhail²,

Mikhail³

et al. 2021

J Appl Eng Science

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The main purpose of this paper is to identify basic regularities of snow bank formation when using milling and rotary snow blowers. The study of the mechanism of snow bank formation was based on experimental investigations of the throwing machine rotor of the low-powered milling and rotary snow blower. Moistened sawdust was used as artificial snow. As the result of the conducted investigations, the nature of the snow bank formation has been determined and the regression equations for the distribution of the number of particles, total mass and average mass of individual particles of the material simulating one specific type of snow along the length of the snow bank have been obtained. The relative amount of the material transported by the rotor in relation to the total amount of material loaded into the rotor for the specified geometric and kinematic parameters of the rotor of the throwing machine has been found. The dependencies obtained make it possible to carry out simulation and visualization of snow bank formation during snow clearing operations, to choose the most rational parameters of the throwing machine of the milling and rotary snow blower, as well as to specify the strategy of snow clearing operations with the application of milling and rotary snow blowers.

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Wind tunnel tests and analysis of snow load distribution on three different large size stadium roofs

Cited by 22 publications

References 15 publications

Research on Snow Load Characteristics on a Complex Long-Span Roof Based on Snow–Wind Tunnel Tests

Research on Snow Load Characteristics on a Complex Long-Span Roof Based on Snow–Wind Tunnel Tests

Study on the Susceptibility of Drifting Snow in Ya’an–Qamdo Section of the Railway in Southwest China

Experimental investigations of snow bank formation during milling and rotary snow blower operation

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