Wind Tunnel Experiments on a NACA0015 Airfoil Equipped with Vectorizable Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Actuators

Borghi, C.A.; Cristofolini, Andrea; Rossetti, Alessandro; Neretti, Gabriele; Seri, Paolo; Talamelli, Alessandro

doi:10.2514/6.2014-2684

Cited by 4 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…4) and electrode diameters in the circular case (D in Fig. 4) of 10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38,42,46, and 50 mm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geometry optimization of linear and annular plasma synthetic jet actuators

Neretti¹,

Seri²,

Taglioli³

et al. 2016

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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The Electro-Hydro-Dynamic (EHD) interaction induced in atmospheric-pressure air by a surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) actuator has been experimentally investigated. Plasma Synthetic Jets Actuators (PSJAs) are DBD actuators able to induce an air stream, perpendicular to the actuator surface. These devices can be used in the aerodynamics field to prevent or induce flow separation, modify the laminar to turbulent transition inside the boundary layer, and stabilize or mix air flows. They can also be used to enhance indirect plasma treatment effects, increasing the reactive species delivery rate onto surfaces and liquids. This can play a major role in plasma processing and chemical kinetics modelling, where only diffusive mechanisms are often considered. This paper reports on the importance that different electrode geometries can have on the performance of different PSJAs. A series of DBD aerodynamic actuators designed to produce perpendicular jets have been fabricated on 2-layer printed circuit boards (PCBs). Linear and annular geometries have been considered, testing different upper electrode distances in the linear case and different diameters in the annular one. AC voltage supplied at 11.5 kV peak and 5 kHz frequency has been used. Lower electrodes were connected to ground and buried in epoxy resin to avoid undesired plasma generation on the lower actuator surface.Voltage and current measurements have been carried out to evaluate the active power delivered to the discharges. Schlieren imaging allowed to visualize the induced jets and gave an estimate of their evolution and geometry. Pitot tube measurements were performed to obtain the PSJAs' velocity profiles and to estimate the mechanical power delivered to the fluid.Optimal values of the inter-electrode distance and diameter have been found in order to maximize jet velocity, mechanical power or efficiency. Annular geometries are found to achieve the best performances.

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“…4) and electrode diameters in the circular case (D in Fig. 4) of 10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38,42,46, and 50 mm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3). The easiest system achieving such effect provides two linear couples of electrodes, in a symmetrical layout [31][32][33][34]. Previous works have established that DBD plasma actuators can influence the fluid dynamics of an airfoil for traveling speeds up to 20 m/s [34][35][36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geometry optimization of linear and annular plasma synthetic jet actuators

Neretti¹,

Seri²,

Taglioli³

et al. 2016

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…Position and actuation strategies of these devices are key points in their effectiveness in flow control over aerodynamic surfaces. Many studies have been accomplished over airfoils [65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72], diffusers [73,74], and wind [10, 11 and 75] and turbine [8,9] blades, in order to enhance fluid-dynamic performance. Moreover, the adoption of these devices over landing gears and trailing edge surfaces have demonstrated the possibility to obtain a noise reduction effect [76][77][78].…”

Section: Dbd Aerodynamic Actuators: Flow Manipulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of this plasma device in the recovery of stall condition is depicted in Figure 13, where smoke visualization is reported. Experiments show how the most effective actuator is the one positioned on the airfoil leading edge, just before the region where separation occurs [66,67,79,80]. Active Flow Control by Using Plasma Actuators http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/62720 Figure 13.…”

Section: Dbd Aerodynamic Actuators: Flow Manipulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Active Flow Control by Using Plasma Actuators

Neretti¹

2016

Recent Progress in Some Aircraft Technologies

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Active flow control has recently received an increasing attention since it allows to directly manipulate the flow-field around a surface only when it is effectively requested. Aerodynamic plasma actuators supplied by a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) can be used for this purpose. Usually, sinusoidal voltages in the range 5-50 kV peak and frequencies between 1 and 100 kHz are utilized to ignite this plasma typology. The surface discharge produced by these devices is able to tangentially accelerate the flow field by means of the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) interaction. DBDs generate non-thermal plasmas characterized by low input energies and limited temperature increments. Plasma actuators can be easily designed by following the shape of the aerodynamic body and can be used over heat-sensitive surfaces. These aerodynamic devices have demonstrated to produce boundary layer modifications with induced speeds up to 10 m/s. Their use over airfoils, flaps, and blades have shown the possibility to delay the transition between laminar to turbulent regime, to prevent flow separation enhancing lift and reducing drag. Moreover, the adoption of these actuators over landing gears and trailing edges may induce a noise reduction effect. Dielectric materials, electrodes configuration, and supplying waveforms are most relevant parameters to be considered to enhance actuator performance. On a parallel plane, on/off actuation strategy is a key point in the use of these devices when utilized over aerodynamic surfaces impinged within an external flow.

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A plasma aerodynamic actuator supplied by a multilevel generator operating with different voltage waveforms

Borghi¹,

Cristofolini²,

Grandi³

et al. 2015

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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In this work a high voltage-high frequency generator for the power supply of a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma actuator for the aerodynamic control obtained by the electrohydro-dynamic (EHD) interaction is described and tested. The generator can produce different voltage waveforms. The operating frequency is independent of the load characteristics and does not require impedance matching. The peak-to-peak voltage is 30 kV at a frequency up to 20 kHz and time variation rates up to 60 kV μs −1 . The performance of the actuator when supplied by several voltage waveforms is investigated. The tests have been performed in still air at atmospheric pressure. Voltage and current time behaviors have been measured. The evaluation of the energy delivered to the actuator allowed the estimation of the periods in which the plasma was ignited. Vibrational and rotational temperatures of the plasma have been estimated through spectroscopic acquisitions. The flow field induced in the region above the surface of the DBD actuator has been studied and the EHD conversion efficiency has been evaluated for the voltage waveforms investigated. The nearly sinusoidal multilevel voltage of the proposed generator and the sinusoidal voltage waveform of a conventional ac generator obtain comparable plasma features, EHD effects, and efficiencies. Inverse saw tooth waveform presents the highest effects and efficiency. The rectangular waveform generates suitable EHD effects but with the lowest efficiency. The voltage waveforms that induce plasmas with higher rotational temperatures are less efficient for the conversion of the electric into kinetic energy.

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Wind Tunnel Experiments on a NACA0015 Airfoil Equipped with Vectorizable Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Actuators

Cited by 4 publications

References 30 publications

Geometry optimization of linear and annular plasma synthetic jet actuators

Geometry optimization of linear and annular plasma synthetic jet actuators

Active Flow Control by Using Plasma Actuators

A plasma aerodynamic actuator supplied by a multilevel generator operating with different voltage waveforms

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