Wind regimes and aeolian transport in the Great Basin, U.S.A.

Jewell, Paul W.; Nicoll, Kathleen

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2011.01.005

Cited by 54 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…13b). Overall, the calculated DP was strongly related to the wind velocity, but the temporal changes in DP at a given station were complicated, which agrees with the results of Jewell and Nicoll (2011).…”

Section: Wind Velocity and Sand Transport Under The Influence Of Climsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…However, from 1956 to 2003, desertification increased, and most of China's deserts were characterized by moderate-to low-energy wind environments, with the wind energy decreasing in most dune fields from 1980 to 2003 (Wang et al, 2007). Jewell and Nicoll (2011) found that DP varied considerably over a long period (50 years), and were unable to identify a statistically significant relationship between DP and climate change. Zhang et al (2012) studied 20 years of data on sand transport in the northeastern of the Tengger Desert, and found that DP ranged from 247 to 371.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Wind regime and sand transport in China’s Badain Jaran Desert

Zhang

Dong

2015

Aeolian Research

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Section: Wind Velocity and Sand Transport Under The Influence Of Climsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Wind regime and sand transport in China’s Badain Jaran Desert

Zhang

Dong

2015

Aeolian Research

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“…Distinct, constructional shorelines are excellent recorders of lake-level fluctuations because they are rapidly formed by wave action (Scholfield et al, 2004;Felton et al, 2006;Jewell, 2007;Jewell and Nicoll, 2011). Shoreline age data constrain short-term changes in the hydrologic balance of a particular lake system.…”

Section: Late Pleistocene Pluvial Lakes In Western North Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, as horizontal geomorphic features, shorelines are paleohorizontal datums that have been used to measure both brittle faulting and broad unwarping of the lithosphere (Bills and May, 1987;Adams and Wesnousky, 1998;Oldow and Singleton, 2008). However, due to subsequent erosion, isostatic rebound and eolian inputs, natural variability is often observed in shoreline deposits (Scholfield et al, 2004;Jewell, 2007;Jewell and Nicoll, 2011) and it is important to recognize these processes when interpreting elevation data. Past studies have used a variety of techniques to quantify a lake's past hydrologic budget, climatic history and paleoenvironment.…”

Section: Late Pleistocene Pluvial Lakes In Western North Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

An Assessment of Late Pleistocene to Middle Holocene Lake Level Fluctuations in Surprise Valley, California

Ibarra¹

2018

Preprint

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Knowledge of Earth’s climate history and sensitivity, combined with modeling past and future climate, are central to informing policy decisions regarding future climate change. The hydrologic response to future warming scenarios due to increased anthropogenic CO2 emissions remains uncertain. Freshwater availability in the arid western United States is projected to decrease in availability as increased agricultural, urban and industrial uses continue to stress supplies. Motivated by the potential for dramatic future hydrologic changes, studies recording the abrupt transitions between different equilibrium states of natural past climate variability shed light on our understanding of the modern climate system.The presence of pluvial lakes in the Basin and Range Province, in the western United States, during the late Pleistocene (40 to 10 ka) indicates far greater moisture availability during the Pleistocene glacials. This study investigates the timing and magnitude of the most recent pluvial lake cycle that filled Surprise Valley, California using geophysical, geochemical and geochronologic tools. Spanning 31.2 to 4.6 ka, this new lake level record places the highest lake level, at 180 meters above present day playa, at 13.9 ± 1.2 ka. This age appears to be nearly synchronous with highstands of Lake Lahontan to the south and the Chewaucan Basin to the north. Additionally, most of the Basin and Range lake highstands, including Lake Surprise, follow peaks in precipitation minus evapotranspiration (P-ET) by 8-10 kyr. By compiling a diverse set of paleoclimate data available for western North America, I found that the timing and geographic distribution of lake highstands is inconsistent with increased precipitation in response to shifting westerly winds, the current model for the genesis of large lakes in western North America. Rather, lakes levels are more strongly correlated with changes in summer insolation, suggesting that lake highstands were likely facilitated by colder temperatures and increased humidity due to the presence of continental ice sheets and increased atmospheric convergence. I compared the constraints from lake and soil-based records to Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Model simulations from the Paleoclimate Model Intercomparison Project 2. Based on model-proxy intercomparison, the Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Models, the same models used to also assess future climatic changes, poorly predict hydrologic quantities for the Last Glacial Maximum.

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“…Fires in the Great Basin typically burn quickly and intensely, often consuming all vegetation due to the arid conditions and flammability of the fuels. This leaves dry, loose, bare soil and ash exposed to high winds, also characteristic of this region (Jewell and Nicoll, 2011). Post-fire dust sources are among the strongest atmospheric dust sources reported (Wagenbrenner et al, 2013) and may contribute substantially to the global dust budget.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

A large source of dust missing in Particulate Matter emission inventories? Wind erosion of post-fire landscapes

Wagenbrenner

Chung

Lamb

2017

Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene

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Wind erosion of soils burned by wildfire contributes substantial particulate matter (PM) in the form of dust to the atmosphere, but the magnitude of this dust source is largely unknown. It is important to accurately quantify dust emissions because they can impact human health, degrade visibility, exacerbate dust-on-snow issues (including snowmelt timing, snow chemistry, and avalanche danger), and affect ecological and biogeochemical cycles, precipitation regimes, and the Earth's radiation budget. We used a novel modeling approach in which local-scale winds were used to drive a high-resolution dust emission model parameterized for burned soils to provide a first estimate of post-fire PM emissions. The dust emission model was parameterized with dust flux measurements from a 2010 fire scar. Here we present a case study to demonstrate the ability of the modeling framework to capture the onset and dynamics of a post-fire dust event and then use the modeling framework to estimate PM emissions from burn scars left by wildfires in U.S. western sagebrush landscapes during 2012. Modeled emissions from 1.2 million ha of burned soil totaled 32.1 Tg (11.7-352 Tg) of dust as PM 10 and 12.8 Tg (4.68-141 Tg) as PM 2.5 . Despite the relatively large uncertainties in these estimates and a number of underlying assumptions, these first estimates of annual post-fire dust emissions suggest that post-fire PM emissions could substantially increase current annual PM estimates in the U.S. National Emissions Inventory during high fire activity years. Given the potential for post-fire scars to be a large source of PM, further on-site PM flux measurements are needed to improve emission parameterizations and constrain these first estimates.

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Wind regimes and aeolian transport in the Great Basin, U.S.A.

Cited by 54 publications

References 44 publications

Wind regime and sand transport in China’s Badain Jaran Desert

Wind regime and sand transport in China’s Badain Jaran Desert

An Assessment of Late Pleistocene to Middle Holocene Lake Level Fluctuations in Surprise Valley, California

A large source of dust missing in Particulate Matter emission inventories? Wind erosion of post-fire landscapes

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